谁从社会网络中获益更多?――社会网络的差异性回报研究
Who Benefits More from Social Networks?―Evidence for Heterogeneous Returns to Social Networks

随着社会网络研究的逐渐深入,求职时使用社会网络能够带来正向回报已经成为研究共识。本研究使用JSNET调查数据,采用倾向值分层与异质性干预模型等方法,考察了求职时使用社会网络的差异性以及社会网络对求职者收入回报的差异性。研究发现:求职时使用社会网络并非随机分布,不同特征的求职者使用网络的倾向性不同; 对于不同倾向性的求职者而言,社会网络的回报也“因人而异”,不仅存在事前内生性,同时还存在事后内生性; 求职时的网络效应存在负向选择效应,使用社会网络的倾向性越高的求职者,社会网络的回报越低,反之,使用社会网络的倾向性越低的求职者,社会网络的回报越高。
It has been a consensus that social networks do have positive effects when searching for a job. This article focuses on the heterogenous returns to social networks on income when getting a job. Based on JSNET data, we used propensity score strata and heterogeneous treatment effects model(HTE)to analyze the heterogeneous effects on social networks in terms of income. There come three main findings: First, job searchers through social networks are not randomly distributed, actors with different attributes would have different tendency to use networks. Second, the returns to social networks are also different to actors with different tendency to use networks. Third, it shows negative selection in heterogeneous returns to social networks, which means individuals who are less likely to use social networks benefit more from social networks when searching for a job, while those who are more likely to use social networks benefit less from social networks