“以新闻而生，以新闻而死，为新闻殉节” ——刘煜生案与“九·一”记者节的创伤记忆叙事
“Live by Journalism, Death by Journalism, Martyr for Journalism”:Trauma Memory Narrative in Liu Yusheng’s Case and “September1st” Journalists’ Day

摘要 以往学术界及新闻职业群体的叙事，往往将刘煜生案及“九·一”记者节建构为 “压迫—反抗”模式，过于强调了新闻界在此过程中的单因素作用。从文化创伤理论切 入，可以看到不同于社会—政治解释框架下刘煜生案及记者节研究的新图景。民国刘煜 生案之所以成为当时的热点事件，进入新闻社群建构文化创伤与集体记忆的重要节点，是诸多社会—文化条件和力量相互作用的结果。新闻社群的壮大、权力场域的缝隙博 弈、社会团体的介入，构成了20世纪30年代刘煜生案作为新闻社群重大文化创伤的主要 框架条件。 刘煜生案及“九·一”记者节文化创伤的集体记忆维系，主要通过耻化和 内疚叙事、仪式和活动的展示与操演等社会化过程加以实现。1949年之后，刘煜生案及 “九·一”记者节经历了文化失忆、记忆激活等创伤想象和记忆重构过程，这一过程受 到史学研究、大众媒体、文学文化、法律、官僚体系等诸多场域的塑造。
In the past academic circles and the narrative of journalism professional groups, the Liu Yusheng’s case and the September1st Journalists’ Day were constructed as the “oppression- resistance” model. From the perspective of cultural trauma theory, we can see the different picture of Liu Yusheng’s case and the Journalists’Day research. The reason why the Liu Yusheng case became a hot event and was linked to the establishment of the Journalists’ Day, is the result of the interaction of many social-cultural conditions and forces. Liu Yusheng’s case and the collective memory of the September1st Journalists’ Day were mainly realized through the socialization process of shame and guilty narrative, as well as the display and performance of rituals and activities. After 1949, Liu Yusheng’s case and the September 1st Journalists’ Day experienced the process of traumatic imagination and memory reconstruction in various felds