泥鳅和大鳞副泥鳅杂交子代与其亲本形态特征比较
Comparison of morphological characteristics between Paramisgurnus dabryanus ×Misgurnus anguillicaudatus hybrids and their parents

采用形态学测定与统计分析相结合的方法，观察和测定泥鳅♀ × 大鳞副泥鳅♂（D×P）和大鳞副泥鳅♀ × 泥鳅♂（P×D）及其亲本的形态差异、可数性状及可量性状，研究泥鳅和大鳞副泥鳅杂交子代及其亲本的形态差异。结果显示，正反交子代（D×P和P×D）外观相似，同时具有双亲的一些特征，如尾柄处皮褶发达，与大鳞副泥鳅相似，而身体上的花纹与泥鳅更相似，大多为圆形斑点，兼有少部分条纹。在体型方面，2种杂交子代体型介于泥鳅和大鳞副泥鳅之间，较大鳞副泥鳅更圆。聚类分析和主成分分析显示， 2种杂交泥鳅形态相近，均与大鳞副泥鳅更相似。判别分析综合准确率达到94.1%，可以有效鉴别这2种泥鳅和它们的杂交种。泥鳅和大鳞副泥鳅正反交均可获得存活子代，且孵化率、畸形率和早期存活率与自交组没有显著性差异（P>0.05）。
In order to find the morphological differences between hybrid 1 (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus♀×Paramisgurnus dabryanus♂),hybrid 2 (Paramisgurnus dabryanus♀×Misgurnus anguillicaudatus♂) and their parents，the morphological differences,countable traits and measurable traits were analyzed by combining morphological measurements with statistical analysis．The results showed that the two hybrids were similar in appearance,integrating their parental characteristics. For example,the well developed caudal fold at the caudal peduncle of the two hybrids was similar to P. dabryanus,while the pattern on the body was more similar to that of M. anguillicaudatus,most of which were round spots with a small number of stripes. The body shape of hybrids was between their parents，which was rounder than P. dabryanus. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis indicated that the morphology of the two hybrids were similar to each other,and were more similar to P. dabryanus．The comprehensive accuracy of discriminant analysis reached 94.1%,which can effectively identify the two loach and their hybrids. There was no significant difference of hatching rate,deformity rate and early survival rate between the hybrids and self crossing group (P>0.05)