Immunohistochemical Expression of Cyclin D1 in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Human Breast

Cyclin D1 has been observed in many human tumors and is likely to promote cell proliferation and differentiation by shortening the G1/S transition. This work was aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of Cyclin D1 in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and its correlation with other established prognostic parameters of breast cancer. This study was conducted on 40 prospective biopsies taken from patients with breast tumor; 30 cases having IDC and 10 cases with benign tumor as well as 10 normal biopsies. Sections from all cases were subjected to stain with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for histopathological examination and immunohistochemical technique for Cyclin D1 in addition using flow cytometric technique to perform cell cycle analysis. Histopathological results showed fibroadenoma and fibrocystic disease in benign cases and IDC with 60% grade II and 40% grade III in malignant cases. Immunohistochemical results revealed higher expression of Cyclin D1 in IDC comparing to normal and benign breast tissues. Statistically there was significant correlation between Cyclin D1 scores and the positivity of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), and no significant correlation was seen between Cyclin D1 and S-phase %. It could be suggested that Cyclin D1 protein may be a valuable prognostic marker in IDC and can be targeted in the future therapeutic approaches.