城市独生子女低龄老年父母的家庭代际支持研究——基于与多子女家庭的比较
Intergenerational Support for the Younger Ageing Parents in Only Child Families in Urban China: A Comparison with Multiple Children Families

摘要 文章利用中国老年社会追踪调查数据，对中国城市独生子女低龄老年父母家庭的代际支持进行比较深入的研究，发现如下特点：（1）在代际经济支持上，子女给父母钱的比例和数量均超过老年父母给他们钱的比例和数量，独生子女与老年父母之间的代际经济支持比多子女更加均衡；（2）在家务代际支持上，独生子女及老年父母对对方的支持都比多子女多，但独生子女及老年父母间的交换更加均衡；（3）在精神慰藉方面，独生子女老年父母感到子女亲近的比例高于多子女老年父母；（4）独生子女内部，在经济和精神支持上，独生子和独生女间都没有显著差异，但代际劳务支持上有显著差异；（5）独生子女老年父母家庭代际支持受独生子女状况和代际关系的显著影响。
Abstract：At present, the intergenerational support of the younger ageing parents in the onlychild families in urban China has the following Characteristics: On the intergenerational economic support, the proportion and quantity of money children giving to their parents exceeds what the elderly parents giving to them. The intergenerational economic support in the only child families is more balanced than in the multiple children families. On the intergenerational support in housework, there is more support in the only child families than in the multiple children families, but again the former is more balanced. In terms of spiritual support, the proportion of the ageing parents of only children feeling closer is higher than that in multiple children families. Between the only sons and the only daughters, there is no significant difference between the economic support and the spiritual support, but the support in housework is significantly different. The intergenerational support of the younger ageing parents in the only child families is mainly influenced by the status of their only child and the intergenerational relationship