Impacts of marine plastic on ecosystem services and economy: State of South African research

DOI: 10.17159/sajs.2020/7695

Keywords: marine plastic debris, plastic pollution, economic impacts In this section, we review the South African research that has been undertaken in assessing the impacts of marine plastic debris on ecosystem services and on the economy, under each of the categories identified above, in order to identify gaps. A comprehensive review was undertaken using a wide range of databases (Scopus, ScienceDirect, Taylor and Francis, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar) and various combinations of all relevant keywords, as identified based on the framework established from the international review. The keywords were: economic, marine litter, South Africa, socio-economic, human health, agriculture, fisheries, commercial fisheries, recreational fishing, aquaculture, harbours, ports, shipping, marine plastic litter, marine plastic debris, ecosystem service, ecosystem service impact, plastic, ecosystem services, Africa, food contamination, pollutant accumulation, litter, nutrient cycles, marine debris, pollution, plastic pollution, marine plastic pollution, economic cost, economic impact, coastal communities, livelihoods, food security, microplastics, human health, human safety, recreation impacts, cultural impacts, shipping hazards, ghost gear, subsistence fishing, beach clean-ups, beach aesthetics, beach cleanliness, biodiversity, habitats destruction, invasive species, species transport, tourism costs, and port clean-up costs. We also consulted with a number of South African experts to identify any other relevant literature that had been missed.

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