Campus

The Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights’ (OCR) Dear Colleague Letter (DCL) reinvigorated the application of Title IX to campus sexual assault and changed the way campuses are handling these incidents. This article explores Title IX from the standpoint of campus-based victim advocates working within the formal system of higher education and compares this approach to campus sexual assault with historical tensions between feminist grassroots activists and the criminal justice system. Advocates’ mixed allegiances to both the institution and to feminist ideals of survivor empowerment produce conflicts and identify needs for system advocacy