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大学生睡眠质量的现状及其相关因素
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Abstract:
目的：了解大学生睡眠质量的现状，探讨其主要的相关因素。方法：采用分层随机抽样法，抽取广东省10所大学838名本科生(男398名，女440名)，采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)、生活事件量表(LES)进行调查。结果：1) 大学生的PSQI和LES总分分别为(6.09 ± 2.69)和(17.25 ± 20.57)，消极应对和积极应对的得分分别为(27.26 ± 6.60)和(32.37 ± 6.54)。2) 多元逐步线性回归显示，负性事件值、学校类型、专业类别、消极应对等4项因素与PSQI总分正向关联(β = 0.068~0.242，均P < 0.05)，每周锻炼几次、每次锻炼多久、同学关系、性别等4项与PSQI总分负向关联(β = ？0.062~？0.098，均P < 0.05)。结论：大学生的睡眠质量总体偏低。大学生的睡眠质量可能与家庭、社区、学校及个人等多方面因素有关。
Objective: To explore the status of sleep quality and its relevant factors among undergraduates. Methods: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Trait Coping Style Questionnaire (TCSQ) and Life Event Scale (LES) were administered to 838 undergraduates who were selected by Stratified Ran-dom sampling from 7 universities in Guangdong Province. Results: 1) The total score of PSQI and LES was (6.09 ± 2.69) and (17.25 ± 20.57) respectively. The score of negative coping and positive coping were (27.26 ± 6.60) and (32.37 ± 6.54), respectively. 2) Multiple regression analysis showed that negative life events, school type, major and negative coping were positively related with the total score of PSQI (β = 0.068 - 0.242, P < 0.05), how much exercise a week, how long they exercise each time, classmate relationship and gender were negatively related with the total score of PSQI (β = ？0.062 - ？0.098, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The quality of sleep among undergraduates was at the low level, which is probably related to such factors as family rearing, community cultural atmosphere, school education and the personality characteristics of the undergraduates.
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