低温推进剂网幕通道式液体获取装置性能研究进展
Review of Screen Channel Liquid Acquisition Device for Cryogenic Propellants

本文针对空间在轨系统中纯液相推进剂获取与传输困难问题，整理分析了现有适用于低温推进剂的空间气液分离技术。针对网幕通道式液体获取装置（liquid acquisition device, LAD），从泡破压力、装置总压降损失、装置性能优化等方面梳理了近年来的相关理论知识体系与实验结果。研究表明：1）网幕泡破压力基本随网幕编织密度增加而增大；2）相比于地面工况，微重力条件下网幕通道式LAD工作压损更小，对应具有更大的临界质量流率，能够满足更大质量流率的推进剂获取与传输要求；3）降低流体温度或采用不凝性气体（如氦气）增压均可有效提高网幕泡破压力，达到优化LAD气液分离性能的目的；4）450×2 750 Dutch Twill（DT）网幕兼顾了泡破压力高和临界质量流率大的共同要求，是未来液氢贮箱LAD网幕的优先选择。
In an effort to mitigate the difficulty of acquisition and transfer of liquid propellant in space systems, existing in-space gas-liquid separation techniques for cryogenic propellants are evaluated. In particular, the theoretical knowledge and experimental results of screen channel liquid acquisition devices (LADs) are investigated from the vantage point of three aspects—bubble point, pressure drop, and performance optimization. The following conclusions can be drawn: 1) The bubble point is generally higher for finer screens; however, as the density of the mesh increases, the bubble point of the 510 × 3600 Dutch Twill (DT) screen becomes lower than that of the DT-450 × 2750 screen; 2) Compared to ground conditions, the pressure drop of the screen channel LAD is much lower and mainly governed by the flow-through-screen pressure drop under microgravity, which corresponds to a higher critical mass flow rate and could meet the requirement of higher delivery mass flow rate; 3) Reducing the fluid temperature and using a non-condensable gas (such as helium) to pressurize the tank could enhance the screen bubble point and improve the separation performance of screen channel LAD; 4) The DT-450×2750 screen might be a preferential weave for future liquid hydrogen fuel depots, because it could simultaneously meet the requirement of high bubble point and high critical mass flux