This study investigated the viability of post-harvested plantain biomass as a promising feedstock
for the production of Bioethanol. The properties of the derived bio-ethanol were determined to examine its suitability as a
promising and sustainable alternative to petroleum-based ethanol The research revealed that Plantain biomass is made up of Lignocellulosic
contents such as extractive, Lignin, cellulose, hemicelluloses, ash and
moisture in different proportions. The different parts of the biomass such as the
flower, stem and leaves were hydrolyzed using H2SO4.
Optimum hydrolysis conditions of 6%w/v
acid concentration, 30 min
contact time and 80°C working temperature were established for Plantain stem and flower. However, hydrolysis of
Plantain leaves was at the best under the experimental conditions of acid
concentration (10% w/v), contact time (120 min) and temperature (120°C). The highest yield of the bio-ethanol produced
was obtained from Plantain stem biomass with a record of 8.04% followed by
Plantain flower with a yield of 7.73% and 757% from Plantain leaves The
hydrolyzate was fermented using Baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) at a
room temperature of 25°C and pH of 4.5 for 4 D.
The structural determination of the derived bioethanol was conducted using
FT-IR analysis and the fuel properties were found to be consistent with those
of the conventional ethanol. The SEM analysis conducted
References
[1]
Energy Information Administration (2010) International Petroleum Monthly. http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/ipsr/appc.htm
[2]
Peter, M. (2002) Energy Production from Biomass (Part 1): Overview of Biomass. Bioresource Technology, 83, 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00118-3
[3]
Twidell, J. (1998) Biomass Energy. Renewable Energy World, 3, 38-39.
[4]
Sánchez, ó.J. and Montoya, S. (2013) Production of Bio-Ethanol from Biomass: An Overview. In: Gupta, V. and Tuohy, M., Eds., Biofuel Technologies, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, 397-411. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34519-7_16
[5]
Oladeji, A.T., Idoko, A.S., Abodunrin, T.P. and Yakubu, M.T. (2010) Studies on the Physicochemical Properties and Fatty Acid Composition of the Oil from Ripe Plantain Peel (Musa paradisiaca). African Scientist, 11, 73-78.
[6]
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation (2006) Production Year Book 2004. Forest Products Laboratory, USA, 14-27.
[7]
Food and agricultural Organization of the United State (2004).
[8]
Fortaleza, C. (2012) The Ultimate Wealth Guide to Making Millions of Naira Yearly with Plantain Farming in Nigeria. http://www.plantainfarming.blogspot.com
[9]
Cardona, C.A., Sánchez, ó.J. and Gutiérrez, L.F. (2010) Process Synthesis for Fuel Ethanol Production. 1st Edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781439815984
[10]
Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI-204-cm-97) Solvent Extractive of Wood and Pulp.
[11]
Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI-222om-02) Acid-Insoluble Lignin in Wood and Pulp.
[12]
A Standards Test Method for Holocellulose in Wood (ASTM D1104-56) (1978) ASTM International.
[13]
A Standards Test Method for Alpha-Cellulose (ASTM D1103-60) (1978) ASTM International.
[14]
A Standards Test Method for Moisture Analysis of Particulate Wood Fuels (ASTM E871-82) (1998) ASTM International.
[15]
A Standards Test Method for Ash in Wood (ASTM D1102-84) (2001) ASTM International.
[16]
Ogunsuyi, H.O. and Adedara, A.O. (2016) Production and Chemical Evaluation of Bioethanol Derived From White Cocoyam (Colocasia antiquorium) and Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) Cultivars. International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research and Management, 1, 208-214.
[17]
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (A.O.A.C.) (1990) Official Methods of Analysis. 15th Edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemist, Washington DC, 899-911.
[18]
Bilba, K., Arsene, M.A. and Ouensanga, A. (2007) A Study of Banana and Coconut Fiber, Botanical Composition, Thermal Degradation and Textural Observations. Bioresource Technology, 98, 58-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.11.030
[19]
Abdullah, N., Sulaiman, F. and Miskam, M.A. (2014) Characterization of Banana (Musa spp.) Pseudo-Stem and Fruit-Bunch-Stem as a Potential Renewable Energy Resource. International Journal of Biological, Veterinary, Agricultural and Food Engineering, 8, 712-716.
[20]
Kabenge, I., Omulo, G. and Banadda, N. (2018) Characterization of Banana Peels Wastes as Potential Slow Pyrolysis Feedstock. Journal of Sustainable Development, 11, 14-24. https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v11n2p14
[21]
Fernandes, E., Marangoni, C. and Medeiros S. (2012) Slow Pyrolysis of Banana Culture Waste: Leaves and Pseudostem. The 3rd International Conference on Industrial and Hazardous Waste Management, Crete, 2012, 453-456.
[22]
Hernández, E., García, A., López, M., Puls, J., Parajó, J.C. and Martín, C. (2013) Dilute Sulphuric acid Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Moringa Oleifera Empty pods. Industrial Crops and Products, 44, 227-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.11.001
[23]
Buranov, A.U. and Mazza, G. (2008) Lignin in Straw of Herbaceous Crops. Indian Crops Products, 28, 237-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.03.008