A Reconnoiter on the Incidence and Alliance of T2DM and Substandard Lifestyle Habits among Employees of Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh: An Observational Study

WHO has defined diabetes mellitus (DM) as a heterogeneous metabolic disorder characterized by common features of chronic hyperglycemia with disturbance of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism in addition; the prevalence of diabetes among all age groups worldwide which was estimated to be 2.8% by the year 2000 has been projected to rise 4.4% by 2030. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is closely related to lifestyle factors including diet, physical activities, alcohol, smoking, tobacco chewing, calorie intake as well as obesity and positive family history. Among these possible risk factors, personal habits are considered to be an important one in the causation of T2DM. It was aimed to assess personal habit as a risk factor among AMU employees. The aim and objective of the study was to identify the personal habits as risk factors for T2DM among the employees of AMU Aligarh and to find out the association of established risk factors of personal habits with incidence of T2DM. The present study was an observational cross- sectional study; conducted to find out the risk factors of T2 DM among employees of Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India. The duration of study was of 15 months. The sample Size was Calculated 614 (rounding off 650) using formula n = 4pq/L2. The ethical clearance was obtained from the IEC (Institutional Ethical Committee). Diagnosed cases of T2DM of both sexes were included in the study. A Pre-typed semistructured proforma consist of several questions was prepared for collection of data from the subjects. Each subject was inquired about the current and previous status of personal habits. The findings of the study suggested that currently 29.1% were smokers while 18.3% were tobacco chewers and 3% were alcohol consumers. The history showed that previously there were 48.7% smokers while 36.1% were tobacco chewers and 4.6% were alcohol consumers. The difference itself suggests of gradual enhancement of awareness among employees regarding the bad personal habits and their impact on health. Most of the subjects were having good personal habits as 51.3% subjects were non-smokers while 63.9% were non-tobacco chewers and 95.4 were non-alcohol consumers. Further there is a clear evidence of decreasing the number of smokers, tobacco chewers and alcohol consumers after the diagnosis of T2DM. With the available data it can be concluded that personal habits are a possible Risk factor in the development of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2.