Marine Environment's Effect on the Deterioration of Archaeological Buildings in the Mediterranean Sea Coast (Alexandria – Egypt as an Example)

The environment has many severe effects on the Archaeological sites all over the world, it varies from country to the other, there are agriculture, desert and marine environments, the monument is neonate its environment, from the first, the building materials were from the environment, also the deterioration factors are from the environment, this research sheds the light on the marine environment's effect on the deterioration of archaeological sites in the Mediterranean sea coast ( Alexandria – Egypt as an example), the effects vary from the relative humidity, air temperature variations, wind, sea levels rise, underground water, air pollution, rain and tides. The case study tombs in Alexandria which suffer from the marine environment's effect are Kom El - Shoqafa catacombs and El-Shattbi catacombs, the deterioration factors related to the marine environment cause the degradation of these catacombs and this precious cultural heritage.