Clinical and Pathological Aspects of the Sequelae of Urogenital Schistosomiasis: Findings Regarding 43 Cases

Purpose: To describe the clinical-pathological profile of sequelae of urogenital schistosomiasis. Patients and methods: We performed a retrospective study of the sequelae for cases of urogenital schistosomiasis treated between January 2011 and December 2016. These cases were from Senegal and neighboring countries. Results: We included 43 cases. The mean age of the patients was 43.2 ± 16.6 years (14 - 75 years). The sex ratio was 3.3. The sites of the sequelae lesions were the bladder and pelvic ureters in 83.7%, the bladder only in 13.9%, and the ureters only in 2.3% of the patients. Bladder wall calcification was the most common lesion (74.4%), followed by bladder masses (48.8%). Stenosis of the orifice was the most common ureteral lesion (30.2%). The bladder masses were a squamous cell carcinoma in ten cases, a urothelial carcinoma in one case, and a schistosomiasis granuloma in five cases. In one patient, the histological type was not specified. Of the ten cases of squamous cell carcinoma, eight had died of cancer. Of the twelve cases of ureteral orifice stenosis treated by ureterocystoneostomy, the outcome was good in nine cases and poor in three patients. Conclusion: In this study, sequelae of urogenital schistosomiasis were most often observed in young adult males. The most common sequelae were vesical and ureteral calcifications, bladder cancers, and pelvic ureter strictures