Investigation of the Frequency of Rotavirus and Adenovirus in Patients with Acute Gastroenteritis; Sakarya

Objective Among infectious diseases worldwide, gastroenteritis is the third leading cause of death which brings about 527,000 losses of life among children annually. Rotavirus and enteric adenoviruses are the most common agents of acute gastroenteritis in children. Analysis of viral antigens in stool samples is important for diagnosis. In this study we investigated to find out the frequency of rotavirus and adenovirus in stool samples from patients with gastroenteritis. We also evaluated the distribution of rotavirus and adenovirus according to gender, age and the season. Materials and Methods In our study, 10.139 stool samples were investigated for the presence of rotavirus and 10.182 stool samples for the presence of adenovirus. The samples were obtained from patients with acute gastroenteritis between June 2017-May 2018 were investigated retrospectively. The presence of rotavirus and adenovirus was investigated with immunochromatographic method (RIDA？QUICK Rotavirus/Adenovirus combi, R-Biopharm AG, Germany). The distribution of rotavirus and adenovirus frequency was evaluated according to gender, age and the season. Results Rotavirus antigen was detected in 1427 (%14,1) and adenovirus antigen in 773 (%7,6) of the investigated samples. Rotavirus antigen was determined in %13,8 of the male and %14,4 of the female patients. As a result of the statistical analysis a significant difference was not found between genders (p=0,44). 1187 of the rotavirus antigen positive cases (%83,1) were in the 0-5 years age group and antigen positivity (19.1%) was determined mostly in children between 13-24 months of age. The most common season was determined as winter (9,6%). Adenovirus antigen positivity (10,2%) was determined mostly in children between 0-12 months of age. Incremental rate was found statistically significant comparing with the other age groups (p <0,05). No statistically significant relationship was determined between the presence of adenovirus antigen and gender (p=0,836) Conclusion Rotavirus and enteric adenoviruses cause important public health problems in terms of acute gastroenteritis in children in our region. The data obtained in this study showed that viral agents should be investigated in patients with acute gastroenteritis. Early detection using sensitive and specific laboratory methods will be useful for prevention and control of rotavirus and adenovirus infections