Effect of Artemisia campestris L. and Artemisia absinthium L. as Feed Additives on Intestine Histomorphology in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

The effects of ethanol extracts of Artemisia absinthium L. and Artemisia campestris L. on histological alterations of intestinal tract in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were investigated in this study. Four treatments were designed including a control and Artemisia species incorporated in the fish feed at 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 g kg-1 which were administrated for a period of 21 days. The results suggests that A. absinthium L. especially at 2.0 and 3.0 g kg-1 presented higher goblet cells, villus lenght and size compared to other group (p<0.05). No change in the intestinal histomorfology of A. campestris L. was observed. Also the chemical composition of ethanol extract of A. campestris L. and A. absinthium L. were analyzed by GC-MS. The major components of A. campestris L. were acenaphthylene 1,2–dihydro (62.70%), n-octadecane (4.66%), capillin (4.95%), curcumene (4.45%), 2.4-pentadiynylbenzene (7.28%), benzaldehyde (2.53%), methacrolein (1.35%) and the major components of A. absinthium L. were sabinol (42.22%), chrysanthenylacetate (14.73%), epoxy-ocimene (4.97%), thujone (2.19%), d-isothujone (3.97%), β selinene (2.60%), hexanal (2.30%), cymene (1.71%) and benzaldehyde (1.04%). These results suggested that the chemical ingredients of plants are strongly correlated with the efficiency on the intestinal morphology in rainbow trout and A. absinthium L. administration to diet may enhance effectively the intestinal histomorphology in rainbow trout