Biology and Laboratory Rearing of Codling Moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on Its Natural Host “Green Immature Apple” Malus domestica (Borkh) (Rosales: Rosaceae)

The codling moth, Cydia pomonella Linnaeus, 1758 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is an economically important pest of apple trees in Turkey and also in worldwide. The aim of this study was to report a continuous rearing method on green immature apples (Malus domestica cv. 'Gala') for C. pomonella and fundamental information of its biology. The experiments were conducted from 2017 to 2019 under the laboratory conditions. Eggs were laid individually or disorderly in small masses on the oviposition substrate in the adult cages. Adult food had a positive effect on the number of eggs laid per female and egg viability. Larvae developed through five instars based on head capsule measurements. Larval development was completed in 15.89±0.25 days. Survival rate of larvae ranged from 24.1% and 92.6% based on larval density per apple. The duration of pupal development was 8.90±0.10 days with 87.5% adult emergence. The life cycle was completed on average in 29.5±0.3 days. Adult longevity was 12.2±0.60 days for females and 16.7±1.90 days for males. A single female laid about 12.3 eggs/day and a total of 85-200 eggs with 83.9% viability. The codling moth has been reared continuously in the laboratory for two years with no evidence of disease in the colony