Fat and Proteins in Medical Nutritional Therapy of Obese Diabetic Patients with Overweight and Obesity

Abstract Type 2 diabetes is the most frequently seen form of diabetes mellitus which is a heterogeneous disease highly epidemic in our country and all around the world. Accordingto the data from the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF), today the number of people living with diabetes is 425 million all around the world and this number will riseto 629 million in the year 2045. It is evident that multiple factors play a role in the etiology of type 2 diabetes. Healthy nutrition and exercise are the "sine qua non" of diabetes treatment. Although there are several standards related to the type of nutrition of patients with type 2 diabetes, the pattern or ratio of macronutrients in the diets prescribedto people with diabetes who are either overweight or obese is still a controversial. Thepurpose of this review is to address the effects of different macronutrients, such as protein and fat ratio, in patients with type 2 diabetes who are also obese or overweight