An Analysis of Adverbs and Postpositions in The Form of {？(< -A)} and The Adverbial Suffix {-DIr} in Tuvan in Terms Of Lexicalization And Grammaticalization

Gerundial suffixes can create new lexemes and grammar units in Turkic by combining the words they used together. Gerund {-A} is one of these suffixes. As in many Turkic languages, there are adverbs and postpositions that are formed by this suffix in Tuvan too. These words are widely seen in Tuvan even without this suffix and they reveal a characteristic case in this respect. In the same way, the causative suffix {–DIr} has been used as an adverbial suffix because the gerundial suffix {–A} on it is lost. In this paper, the words that are lost the suffix {–A} are analysed in terms of their structures, meanings and usages, and they are examined in terms of lexicalization and grammaticalization