Byzant？ne Walls Of The Anc？ent C？ty Anavarza

Anavarza Ancient City, locating in 35 km. south of Kozan in Adana, is in the boundaries of Dilekkaya village today. Beside it is not known that when it was settled, Anavarza Ancient city dates back to Hellenistic period as an earliest possibility. Anavarza which was annexed by Rome in the 1st century, had the most popular time until the half of 2nd and 3rd century under the rule of Rome. The city that passed to Byzantine after the division of emperor, was ruled by Byzantine until 8th century and became a buffer zone between Byzantine and Arabian armies by changing mostly. Being conquered by Arabians in the first half of 9th century, Anavarza began to be known by the name of ‘Ayn-Zarba’. Anavarza was conquered by Byzantines in the third half of 10th century and it was conquered by Crusaders at the end of 11th century. The city that was conquered by Armenians in the first half of 12th century, hosted hard struggles between Byzantines, Mongols, Armenians and Memluks until the time it was abondaned in 1375. Anavarza Ancient City is divided to two part, down of it is a city being board up walls in the altitude of 33 and upper side of it is Anavarza reef in the altitude of 230. The Byzantine walls, the subject of paper, is located in the upper side of city. Rampharts in the north-east of down city, starts from the bottom side of North of Anavarza Castle. Rampharts that were supported by buttresses walls and towers lies to the north along the east side of the down city by making courtyards. In this paper, Byzantine walls will be gained to Art History Literature by introducing scientifically for the first time