Effects Of Different Sowing Times And Gibberellic Acid On Emergence Characteristics Of Campanula glomerata L. subsp. hispida (Witasek) Hayek. Seeds

The genus Campanula L. belonging to the Campanulaceae family is represented with 125 native species (135 taxa) in Turkey. This study was conducted with C. glomerata L. subsp. hispida (Witasek) Hayek. taxa which having ornamental plant potential and widely distributed in Flora of Turkey. Freshly–matured seeds of C. glomerata subsp. hispida taxa were collected from wild populations of growing in Ilgaz Mountain (Turkey) at an altitude of 1780 m. The effects of different sowing times and gibberellic acid (GA？) treatment on emergence characteristics of seeds were investigated. Treated with 1000 mg l–1 GA？ and untreated (control) seeds were sowed under unheated greenhouse conditions in 5 different times (October, November, December, February and March) and emergence rates and mean emergence times were determined. According to obtained results, emergence percentage (EP) varied between 22.50% and 75.50%, the mean emergence time (MET) changed between 3.96 and 12.99 weeks. Statistical interaction between pre–treatment and sowing times for emergence percentage and mean emergence time was found significant. The most successful results in terms of emergence characteristics were obtained from the seeds treated with gibberellic acid in March (EP: %75.50; MET: 3.96 weeks) and October (EP: %75.50; MET: 4.29 weeks