Resources of Geschichte des Qorāns (The History of the Qur’an) -Western Sources-

Geschichte des Qorāns (The History of the Qur’an) is the work of Theodor N？ldeke about the history of the Qur’an which was written in 1860. In the years 1909- 1919-1938, the book was republished in three volumes with the contributions of Friedrich Schwally, Gotthelf Bergstr？？er and Otto Pretzl. The printing process, which has been around for nearly a century, has enabled the inclusion of new topics and resources in the book. The fact that the other three authors, especially N？ldeke, have made reference to the works written both in the East and in the West has made the book rich in resources. The number of these resources exceeds five hundred. If we need to categorize the sources in Geschichte des Qorāns, we can divide them into two, as Islamic and Western sources. Western sources, especially the Qur'ān biblical and related sources of Western scholars such as the Qur’an, hadith, siyar, history, linguistic, literature, paleography and various studies can be given as an example of their studies. We will only include Western sources in this study. Islamic sources will be the subject of another article. In this study, we gave the sources of Geschichte des Qorāns, followed by the author's name, the name of the book, the printing place and the printing date of the book. In the articles, we have given the name of the author, the article name, the journal name, the volume number, the year of publication and the page numbers. All of the books and articles written in German in the sources were given with their Turkish translation and some evaluations were made at the end of each title. We have also seen that the authors have used many old and modern sources written in different languages. These sources have been transmitted in an objective way. Moreover, there were no deficiencies to be found in the comparisons we have made. Let us further state that sometimes important criticism has been directed to the opinions of some authors cited in the Geschichte des Qorāns