Pioglitazone Reduces Oxidative Stress in Kidney Against High Sucrose Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats

Aim: The metabolic syndrome (MS) is an important risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) provide renovascular protection, probably in the MS. However, reports about the effect of pioglitazone on renal oxidative stress in high sucrose diet-induced MS remains to be determined. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of pioglitazone on oxidative stress markers in kidney tissues of MS rats. Material and Method: Male Wistar rats (200-250g in weight) were used in present study. They were divided as control (Con) group, MS group (receiving 935 mM sucrose in drinking water) and pioglitazone treated MS group (MSP) received pioglitazone treatment (30 mg/kg/day, via gavage) for two weeks at the end of the 18th weeks of MS group. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were measured using commercial kits. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), urea, uric acid and creatinine were measured. Thioredoxin 1 (TRX1) level was measured in cytosol and membrane tissues by western blot. TRX1 activity was measured in cytosol and membrane tissues using commercial kit. Results: Compared with control rats, the sucrose-fed rats exhibited several characteristics of MS, including central obesity, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. Furthermore, changed levels of AST, LDH, TOS, TAS, TBARS, GSH, urea, uric acid, creatinine and TRX1 activity and protein levels in the MS group were reversed to control levels by administration of pioglitazone. Conclusion: Pioglitazone reduced the elevated oxidative stress in kidney of MS rats