First record of three plant parasitic nematode species from Mount Ararat (A？r？) in Turkey

In this study, plant parasitic nematode fauna from Mount Ararat was determined according to altitude. A total of 30 soil samples were taken in 2013 during summer. Nematodes were extracted by a modified Baermann funnel technique. Nematodes were identified by morphology, morphometric and phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of the D2-D3 and ITS1-rRNA gene sequences. Permanent slides of individuals were made and species-specific characters were screened by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM studies were processed at the Department of Animal Biology, Vegetal Biology and Ecology, SEM laboratory University of Jaén in Spain during 2014. A total of 19 plant parasitic nematodes were identified from Mount Ararat. Three plant parasitic nematodes Rotylenchus conicaudatus Atighi et al., 2011 (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae), Heterodera trifolii Goffart, 1932 (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) and Tylenchorhynchus mangiferae (Nematoda: Belonolaimidae) from this study are new records for plant parasitic nematode fauna of the Turkish