Perovskite Solar Cells and Instability Problems

It is a necessity for our generations to produce electricity in a sustainable form that does not damage nature. In this context, renewable energy sources are a sustainable resource. The most potentially high source of renewable energy sources is the sun. The most commonly studied solar cells in the literature are silicon-based solar cells. However, the production of silicon-based solar cells is difficult and costly. To overcome these obstacles, it is seen that studies have been made on organic solar cells in the literature. However, the Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) values are very low compared to the silicon-based solar cells in the organic solar cells market. At the same time, organic-based solar cells are more unstable compared to silicon-based solar cells. One of the important issues that continue to be studied in the organic solar cell family literature is Perovskite solar cells. Perovskite solar cells have become comparable to silicon-based cells by passing ~ 20% of the PCE value in a very short time (~ 2015) from their initial production (~ 2009). However, Perovskite encounters a problem of instability after solar cell production. Perovskite, an easy-to-produce, cost-effective and environmentally friendly product, is a potentially high-value material to become a commercial solar cell in the future after the problems of instability in solar cells have been overcome. This study consists of a compilation of the studies published in the literature on the problems of instability especially during the period from the first production of Perovskite solar cells to the present day