The Science of Democracy and The Democracy of Science in Turkey A Critical Analysis on Conception of Celal ？eng？r's Feyerabend

Unlike the natural development of modern science in western countries, the modern science in Turkey was established in the process of reform where there were radical changes both politically and socially. Accordingly, while in 1993 university reform, science paradigm which was dominant in the west was transferred to the scientific institutions, the conditions arisen by this process dispatched the institutions particularly universities to become a modernization tool of the society as a whole, not primarily for scientific activities. The political mission a scientist takes with an epistemological understanding of positivism which was efficient in the period made the science into essentialism form in Turkey. This situation trapped the borders of the science in a quite narrow and ideological space and created a rather unfavorable scientific environment for social science studies which nowadays analyze the science in social and historical context. Thus, this study, with the reference to one of the prominent scientists in Turkey, Celal ？eng？r’s style of comprehension of Feyerabend as a philosopher who brought the universality of scientific methods and the place of science in democratic societies up for discussion, aims to identify the probable change of the scientific orthodox until today in Turkey and to criticize within the bounds of possibility of social scientific/sociological perspective