|
一种致密气藏生产动态分析新方法
|
Abstract:
致密气藏常采用多段压裂水平井技术进行储层改造以实现商业开发,目前主要有三种致密气藏动态分析方法:解析法、半解析法和数值模拟法。解析法和半解析法运算速度较快但仅适用于均质储层,数值模拟法可以准确地计算非均质储层的复杂几何形状井(如压裂水平井)但费时费力。为提高致密气藏动态分析的准确性和高效性,提出一种针对致密气藏压裂水平井的动态分析半解析新方法,即快速推进法(Fast Marching Method,简称FMM)。首先考虑气体的高度压缩特性,建立致密气扩散方程。然后根据快速推进法求解压力波的传播时间,进一步结合几何近似法量化泄气体积随时间的变化关系。接着采用商业数值模拟软件CMG验证了新方法的准确性和可靠性,结果表明,基于快速推进法的动态分析方法比常规动态分析方法准确,比商业软件计算速度提升了10%以上。最后阐述了快速推进法开展致密气藏压裂水平井动态分析的工作流程。快速推进法对构造条件简单的致密气藏生产动态分析,具有很好的应用价值。
In order to realize commercial development, multi-stage fracturing and horizontal well technologies are often used in tight gas reservoir. At present, there are mainly two methods for tight gas reser-voir performance analysis: analytical method and numerical simulation method. The analytical method is fast, but it is only suitable for homogeneous reservoir. The numerical simulation method can accurately calculate complex geometry wells (such as fractured horizontal wells) in heteroge-neous reservoir, but it is time-consuming and laborious. In order to improve the accuracy and effi-ciency of dynamic analysis of tight gas reservoir, a semi analytical method for dynamic analysis of multiple fractured horizontal wells in tight gas reservoir, namely fast marching method (FMM) is proposed. Firstly, considering the high compressibility of gas, the diffusion equation of tight gas is established. Then, fast marching method is proposed to solve the propagation time of pressure wave, and combined with the geometric approximation method, the relationship between the re-lease volume and time is quantified. Then, the commercial numerical simulation software CMG is used to verify the accuracy and reliability of the new method. The results show that the dynamic analysis method based on fast marching method is more accurate than the conventional dynamic analysis method, and the calculation speed is increased by more than 10% compared with the commercial software. Finally, the working process of fast marching method to carry out the dynamic analysis of fractured horizontal wells in tight gas reservoirs is described. It has good application value for the dynamic analysis of tight gas reservoirs with simple structural conditions.
[1] | 邹才能, 杨智, 何东博, 等. 常规—非常规天然气理论、技术及前景[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2018, 45(4): 575-587. |
[2] | 孙赞东, 贾承造, 李相方, 等. 非常规油气藏勘探与开发(下册) [M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2011: 865-1092. |
[3] | 孙龙德, 邹才能, 贾爱林, 等. 中国致密油气发展特征与方向[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2019, 46(6): 1015-1026. |
[4] | Aderson, D.M., Nobakht, M., Moghadam, S., et al. (2010) Analysis of Production Data from Frac-tured Shale Gas Wells. SPE Unconventional Gas Conference, Pittsburgh, February 2010, SPE-131787-MS.
https://doi.org/10.2118/131787-MS |
[5] | Ozkan, E., Brown, M., Raghavan, R., et al. (2011) Comparison of Frac-tured-Horizontal-Well Performance in Tight Sand and Shale Reservoirs. SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering, 14, 248-259. https://doi.org/10.2118/121290-PA |
[6] | Stalgorova, E. and Mattar, L. (2012) Practical Analytical Model to Simulate Production of Horizontal Wells with Branch Fractures. The SPE Canadian Unconventional Resources Con-ference, Calgary, October 2012, SPE-162515-MS.
https://doi.org/10.2118/162515-MS |
[7] | Stalgorova, E. and Mattar, L. (2013) Analytical Model for Unconventional Multi-Fractured Composite Systems. SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering, 16, 246-256. https://doi.org/10.2118/162516-PA |
[8] | Yu, G. and Aguilera, R. (2012) 3D Analytical Modeling of Hydraulic Fracturing Stimulated Reservoir Volume. The SPE Latin America and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference, Mexico City, April 2012, SPE153486, 1-16.
https://doi.org/10.2118/153486-MS |
[9] | Jia, P., Cheng, L.S., Huang, S.J., et al. (2015) Transient Behavior of Complex Fracture Networks. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 132, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2015.04.041 |
[10] | 王俊超. 基于体积源方法的双重介质渗流模型及其应用[D]: [博士学位论文]. 成都: 西南石油大学, 2015. |
[11] | 孙海. 页岩气藏多尺度流动模拟理论与方法[D]: [博士学位论文]. 东营: 中国石油大学(华东), 2013. |
[12] | Moinfar, A., Varavei, A., Sepehrnoori, K., et al. (2013) Development of a Coupled Dual Continuum and Discrete Fracture Model for the Simulation of Unconventional Reservoirs. The SPE Res-ervoir Simulation Symposium, The Woodlands, February 2013, SPE-163647-MS. https://doi.org/10.2118/163647-MS |
[13] | 杨军征. 有限体积–有限元方法在油藏数值摸拟中的原理和应用[D]: [博士学位论文]. 北京: 中国科学院, 2011. |
[14] | Mayerhofer, M.J., Lolon, E.P., Youngblood, J.E., et al. (2006) Inte-gration of Microseismic-Fracture-Mapping Results with Numerical Fracture Network Production Modeling in the Barnett Shale. The SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, September 2006, SPE-102103-MS, SPE102103, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.2118/102103-MS |
[15] | Cipolla, C.L., Lolon, E., Mayerhofer, M.J., et al. (2009) Fracture Design Considerations in Horizontal Wells Drilled in Unconventional Gas Reservoirs. The SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference, The Woodlands, January 2009, SPE-119366-MS, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.2118/119366-MS |
[16] | Yang, C. (2013) Application of Fast Marching Method in Shale Gas Res-ervoir Model Calibration. Texas A&M University, College Station. |
[17] | Sethian, J.A. (1996) A Fast Marching Level Set Method for Monotonically Advancing Fronts. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93, 1591-1595. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.4.1591 |
[18] | Sethian, J.A. (1999) Fast Marching Methods. SIAM Review, 41, 199-235. https://doi.org/10.1137/S0036144598347059 |
[19] | 滕柏路, 程林松, 黄世军, 贾振, 艾爽. 基于波前快速推进法的页岩气储层动用预测[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 38(2): 122-128. |
[20] | 黄世军, 滕柏路, 程林松, 艾爽, 贾振. 基于高精度波前快速推进法的页岩气储层动用分析[J]. 东北石油大学学报, 2014, 38(4): 17-22+118+6. |
[21] | Kim, J.U., Datta-Gupta, A., Brouwer, R., et al. (2009) Calibration of High-Resolution Res-ervoir Models Using Transient Pressure Data. The SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, New Orleans, Oc-tober 2009, SPE-124834-MS, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.2118/124834-MS |
[22] | Xie, J., Gupta, N., King, M.J., et al. (2012) Depth of Investigation and Depletion Behavior in Unconventional Reservoirs Using Fast Marching Methods. SPE Journal, 20, 831-841. https://doi.org/10.2118/154532-MS |
[23] | Xie, J., Yang, C., Gupta, N., et al. (2012) Integra-tion of Shale Gas Production Data and Microseismic for Fracture and Reservoir Properties Using Fast Marching Method. SPE Journal, 20, 347-359. https://doi.org/10.2118/161357-MS |