轮轨接触自激振动的简化建模分析
Simplified Modeling Analysis of Wheel-Rail Contact Self-Excited Vibration

DOI: 10.12677/OJAV.2021.92007, PP. 53-64

Keywords: 曲线啸叫，自激振动，质量–弹簧–带，轮轨摩擦
Curve Squeal, Self-Excited Vibration, Mass-On-Moving-Belt, Wheel-Rail Friction

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Abstract:

轮轨摩擦曲线下降特性引起的轮轨系统不稳定自激振动是曲线啸叫的主要产生机理，但轮轨系统不稳定自激振动的预测分析十分复杂，涉及到轮轨结构动力学特性、车辆曲线通过动力学特性、轮轨滚动摩擦特性及轮轨滚动接触等预测模型的建立。为了便于理解曲线啸叫噪声的产生机理，基于轮轨滚动摩擦特性和理想的质量–弹簧–带摩擦振动系统，建立了轮轨接触自激振动简化预测模型，预测了具有单个车轮模态的车轮通过曲线轨道时的轮轨间滑动引起的自激振动，分析其振动稳定性，并提出轮轨自激振动的控制措施。
The wheel-rail unstable self-excited vibration caused by the falling friction characteristic of the wheel-rail friction curve is the main mechanism of curve squeal. However, the prediction and analysis of the wheel-rail unstable self-excited vibration is very complicated, involving the prediction about wheel/rail structure dynamics, vehicle curve passing dynamics, wheel-rail rolling friction characteristics, and wheel-rail rolling contact. In order to facilitate the understanding of the generating mechanism of curve squeal, based on the wheel-rail rolling friction characteristics and the ideal mass-on-moving-belt vibration system, a simplified prediction model of wheel-rail contact self-excited vibration is established. When the wheel with a single wheel mode passes through a curved track, the self-excited vibration caused by wheel-rail sliding is predicted, and the stability of the wheel vibration is analyzed, and then the control measures for wheel-rail self-excited vibration are proposed.

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