Given the recent developments of Internet of Things (IoT) researchers and academics are trying to utilize this concept for different innovative applications. One of those applications of IoT is the remote laboratories, where real hardware/software experimentation systems can be controlled and manipulated over the web. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this has become almost essential for academic and research activities. The paper starts with highlighting the necessity and current status of remote laboratories in terms of shortcomings and possible recourse. With these in mind, the second part illustrates an infrastructure of a remote laboratory facility as well as describes the development of a number of prototype remote laboratories that are utilized for academic activities.
References
[1]
Terzis, V. and Economides, A.A. (2011) The Acceptance and Use of Computer Based Assessment. Computers & Education, 56, 1032-1044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2010.11.017
[2]
Papamitsiou, Z. and Economides, A.A. (2014) Learning Analytics and Educational Data Mining in Practice: A Systematic Literature Review of Empirical Evidence. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 17, 49-64.
[3]
Miguel, A., PradaJuan, J.F., Serafín, A., Sergio, G. and Manuel, D. (2015) Challenges and Solutions in Remote Laboratories. Application to a Remote Laboratory of an Electro-Pneumatic Classification Cell. Computers & Education, 85, 180-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.03.004
[4]
Lowe, D., Newcombe, P. and Stumpers, B. (2013) Evaluation of the Use of Remote Laboratories for Secondary School Science Education. Research in Science Education, 43, 1197-1219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-012-9304-3
[5]
Mitsea, E. and Drigas, A. (2019) A Journey into the Metacognitive Learning Strategies. International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering, 14, 4-20. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v15i14.11379
[6]
Appanna, S. (2008) A Review of Benefits and Limitations of Online Learning in the Context of the Student, the Instructor and the Tenured Faculty. International Journal on E-Learning, 7, 5-22.
[7]
Croft, N., Dalton, A. and Grant, M. (2015) Overcoming Isolation in Distance Learning: Building a Learning Community through Time and Space. Journal for Education in the Built Environment, 5, 27-64. https://doi.org/10.11120/jebe.2010.05010027
[8]
Gillet, D., Latchman, H.A., Salzmann, Ch. and Crisalle, O.D. (2013) Hands-On Laboratory Experiments in Flexible and Distance Learning. Journal of Engineering Education, 90, 187-191. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2168-9830.2001.tb00589.x
[9]
Rivera, L.F.Z. and Petrie, M.M.L. (2016) Models of Collaborative Remote Laboratories and Integration with Learning Environments. International Journal of Online Engineering, 12, 14-21. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v12i09.6129
[10]
Tsiatsos, T., Douka, S., Mavridis, A., Tegos, S., Naddami, A., Zimmer, T. and Geoffroy, D. (2014) Evaluation Plan and Preliminary Evaluation of a Network of Remote Labs in the Maghrebian Countries. International Journal of Online Engineering, 10, 15-20. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v10i5.3853
[11]
Santana, I., Ferre, M., Izaguirre, E., Aracil, R. and Hernandez, L. (2013) Remote Laboratories for Education and Research Purposes in Automatic Control Systems. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 9, 547-556. https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2011.2182518
[12]
Heradio, R., Torre, L. and Dormido, S. (2016) Virtual and Remote Labs in Control Education: A Survey. Annual Reviews in Control, 42, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2016.08.001
[13]
Maiti, A. and Tripathy, B. (2013) Remote Laboratories: Design of Experiments and Their Web Implementation. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 16, 220-233.
[14]
Tirado-Morueta, R., Sánchez-Herrera, R., Márquez-Sánchez, M.A., Mejías-Borrero, A. and Andujar-Márquez, J.M. (2018) Exploratory Study of the Acceptance of Two Individual Practical Classes with Remote Labs. European Journal of Engineering Education, 43, 278-295. https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2017.1363719
[15]
Li, W. and Bai, G. (2018) Internet of Things System Based on Mobile Communication Network. International Journal of Online Engineering, 14, 64-76. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v14i11.9513
[16]
Azad, A.K.A., Auer, M.E. and Howard, V.J. (Eds.) (2012) Internet Accessible Remote Laboratories: Scalable E-Learning Tools for Engineering and Science Disciplines. IGI Global, Hershey. http://doi:10.4018/978-1-61350-186-3
[17]
Fidan, I. and Ghani, N. (2007) Acquisition Steps of a Remotely Accessible Rapid Prototyping Laboratory. International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology (IJCAT), 30, 266-272. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJCAT.2007.017238
[18]
Fidan, I., Elliott, A., Cossette, M., Singer, T. and Tackett, E. (2018) The Development and Implementation of Instruction and Remote Access Components of Additive Manufacturing. In: Auer, M., Azad, A., Edwards, A. and de Jong, T., Eds., Cyber-Physical Laboratories in Engineering and Science Education, Springer, Cham, 331-342. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76935-6_13
[19]
Auer, M.E., Azad, A.K.A., Edwards, A. and Jong, T.d., Eds. (2018) Cyber-Physical Laboratories in Engineering and Science Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76935-6
[20]
Magdum, D.D. and Patane, R.D. (2016) Raspberry Pi Based Remote Lab Implementation. International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer, 4, 15181-15185.
[21]
Kalúz, M., Cirka, L., Valo, R. and Fikar, M. (2014) ArPi Lab: A Low-Cost Remote Laboratory for Control Education. IFAC Proceedings Volumes (IFAC-Papers Online), 47, 9057-9062. https://doi.org/10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.00963
[22]
Fallon, T. (2013) Survey of Existing Remote Laboratories used to Conduct Laboratory Exercises for Distance Learning Courses. 2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Atlanta, 23-26 June 2013, Paper ID: 7055.
[23]
Limpraptono, Y., Ratna, A.A.P. and Harry, S. (2013) New Architecture of Remote Laboratories Multiuser Based on Embedded Web Server. Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation (REV), 2012 9th International Conference, Bilbao, 4-6 July 2012, 4-11.
[24]
Angulo, I., García-Zubia, J., Orduña, P. and Dziabenko, O. (2013) Addressing Low Cost Remote Laboratories through Federation Protocols: Fish Tank Remote Laboratory. Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), Berlin, 13-15 March 2013, 757-762. https://doi.org/10.1109/EduCon.2013.6530192
[25]
Gravier, J., Fayolle, B., Bayard, M.A. and Lardon, J. (2008) State of the Art about Remote Laboratories. International Journal of Online Engineering, 4, 19-25.
