The objective of the study was to explore the relationship between the indicators of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies using the voxel-based specific regional analysis system for Alzheimer’s Disease (VSRAD) advance. Among 36 patients with suspected dementia, patients with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies were identified using VSRAD advance from March 1 to October 30, 2019. All patients underwent brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). We diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease using Volume of Interest (VOI) in the Medial Temporal Lobe (MTL) atrophy ratio ＞ 2 and dementia with Lewy bodies using both VOI in the MTL atrophy ratio ≤ 2 and gray/white matter atrophy ratio ≥ 0.2. The correlation between the indicators of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies was calculated. The number of patients classified as having Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies was 25 and 11, respectively. In the Alzheimer’s disease group, the correlation coefficient between the extent of gray matter atrophy and the severity of atrophy in the dorsal brainstem gray matter was r = -0.40 (p = 0.045). In dementia with Lewy bodies group, the correlation coefficient between the extent of gray matter atrophy and the severity of atrophy in the dorsal brainstem white matter was r = -0.78 (p < 0.01). Using VSRAD advance, gray matter atrophy and dorsal brainstem grey/white matter atrophy were found to be negatively correlated in Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies.
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