Detection of plant water status is important for monitoring plant physiology. Previous studies showed that radio waves are attenuated when passing through vegetation such as trees, and models (both empirical and analytical) were developed. However, for models to be more broadly applicable across a broad range of vegetation types and constructs, basic electrical properties of the vegetation need to be characterised. In our previous work, a model was developed to calculate the RF loss through vegetation with varying water content. In this paper, the model was extended to calculate RF loss through tree canopies with or without an air gap. When the model was compared with the actual RF loss acquired using Eucalyptus blakelyi trees (with and without leaves), there was a systematic offset equivalent to a residual moisture content of 13% that was attributed to bound water. When the model was adjusted for the additional water content, the effective water path (EWP) was found to explain 72% of the variance in the measured RF loss.
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