The
high level of noise is a special feature of the geomagnetic field on the
territory of Slovenia. The tension of the Adriatic tectonic microplate, on
which Slovenia entirely lies, was recognized as one of its sources. The
interior of the Earth is also the source of geomagnetic jerks. They are
impulses in the secular variation calculated on the basis of monthly or annual
mean values of variation of the geomagnetic field. The paper presents an
analysis of accelerations in a local magnetic field calculated on the bases of
daily mean values of the magnetic field measured at PIA geomagnetic Observatory
(Piran, Slovenia) in 2020. These accelerations indicate geomagnetic impulses at
the regional level over days or weeks. Then these results are compared with the
registered seismic activity in the West Balkans.
References
[1]
Čop, R., Deželjin, D., Mihajlović, J.S. and Kosovac, P. (2011) Preliminary Measurements of Geomagnetic-field Variations in Slovenia. Elektrotehniški Vestnik (English Edition), 78, 96-101. https://ev.fe.uni-lj.si/3-2011/Cop.pdf
[2]
Flux-Gate Magnetometer LEMI-022 SI (2014) User Manual, KMS Technologies, Laboratory for Electromagnetic Innovations, Lviv.
[3]
Čop, R., Milev, G., Deželjin, D. and Kosmač, J. (2014) Protection against Lightning at a Geomagnetic Observatory. Geoscientific Instrumetation, Methodes and Data Systems, 3, 135-141. https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-3-135-2014
[4]
Anderson, G. and Klugmann, D. (2014) A European Lightning Density Analysis Using 5 Years of ATDnet Data. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 14, 815-829. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-14-815-2014
[5]
Petkovšek, M. (2015) Vzpostavljeno omrežje Natura 2000. Establishment of the Natura 200 Network. Varstvo Narave, 28, 41-61.
[6]
Paliska, D., Čop, R., Fabjan, D. and Drobne, S. (2010) Izbira lokacje za postavitev geo-magnetnega observatorija v Sloveniji. Site Selection a Permanent Geomagnetic Observation Station in Slovenia. Geodetski Vestnik, 54, 469-480.
[7]
Dolce, M., Nicoletti, M., Ammirati, A., Bianconi, R., Filippi, L., Gorini, A., Marcucci, S., Palma, F., Zambonelli, E., Lavecchia, G., De Nardis, R., Brozzetti, F., Boncio, P., Cirillo, D., Romano, A., Costa, G., Gallo, A., Tiberi, L., Zoppe, G., Suhadolc, S., Ponzioni, F. and Formica, A. (2012) The Emilia Thrust Earthquake of 20 May 2012 (Northern Italy): Strong Motion and Geological Observation. Report 1. Presidenza Del Consiglio Dei Ministeri, Dipartimento Della Protezione Civile: DPC (National Civil Protection Department), Roma.
[8]
Jankowski, J. and Suckdorff, C. (1096) Guide for Magnetic Measurements and Observatory Practice. International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, Boulder. http://www.iaga-aiga.org/data/uploads/pdf/guides/iaga-guide-observatories.pdf
[9]
Čop, R. (2017) Spremembe gostote energije v zemeljskem magnetnem polju. The Elektrotehniški Vestnik, 84, 148-154. https://ev.fe.uni-lj.si/4-2017/Cop.pdf
[10]
Csontos, A., Hegymegi, L., Heilig, B., Kovacs, P., Merenyi, L. and Szabo, Z. (2007) 50 Years of History of the Tihany Geomagnetic Observatory. Publications of the Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, C-99, 32-37.
[11]
Campbell, H. W. (2003) Introduction to Geomagnetic Fields. 2nd Edition, Cambridge University, Cambridge. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139165136
[12]
Čop, R. and Kosovac, P. (2010) Preliminary Measurements of the Overhauser Proton Magnetometer. Raziskave s področja geodezije in geofizike 2009. Zbornik del. Fakulteta za Gradbeništvo in Geodezijo, Ljubljana, 23-29.
[13]
Čop, R. and Kocen, J. (2009) Geomagnetic Measurements at the Geomagnetic Reference Point at Predmeja. Raziskave s področja geodezije in geofizike 2008. Zbornik del. Fakulteta za Gradbeničtvo in Geodezijo, Ljubljana, 69-78. http://fgg-web.fgg.uni-lj.si/SUGG/referati/2009/SZGG09_Cop_Kocen.pdf
[14]
Čop, R. (2015) Snowstorm at the Geomagnetic Observatory. Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems, 4, 155-159. https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-4-155-2015
[15]
Čop, R. and Henigman, F. (2018) An Electromagnetic Wave Receiver at Frequency beyond 50 Hz. Elektrotehniški Vestnik, 84, 155-161. https://ev.fe.uni-lj.si/4-2018/Cop.pdf
[16]
Čop, R. (2018) ELF Receiver for EM Waves beyond 46 Hz. Conrad Observatory Journal, 5, 11. https://conrad-observatory.at/index.php/downloads-en/category/5-cobsjournal
[17]
Kuhar, M., Čop, R. and Pavlovčič Prešeren, P. (2020) The Influence of the Moon on Geomagnetic Noise. Geodetski Vestnik, 64, 303-319. https://doi.org/10.15292/geodetski-vestnik.2020.03.303-319
[18]
Pavlovčič Prečeren, P., Čop, R. and Kuhar, M. (2020) The Use of Geomagnetic Measurements to Study Local Tectonic: Case for the NE Part of Adria-Eurasia Collision Zone. Open Journal of Earthquake Research, 9, 83-99. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojer.2020.92006
[19]
De Michelis, P., Tozzi, R. and Meloni, A. (2005) Geomagnetic Jerks: Observation and Theoretical Modeling. Memorie Della Societa Astonomica Italiana, 76, 957-960.
[20]
Meloni, A., Caafarella, L., De Michelis, P. and Tozzi, R. (2007) The Contribution of Geomagnetic Observatories and Magnetic Model to Study of Secular Variation and Jerks in Antarctica. USGS OF-2007-1047, Short Research Paper 071. U.S. Geological Survey and the National Academies. https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1047/srp/srp071/of2007-1047srp071.pdf
[21]
Le Huy, M., Mandea, M., Le Mouel, J.-L. and Pais, A. (2000) Time Evolution of the Fluid Flow at the Top of the Core. Geomagnetic Jerks. Earth Planet Space, 52, 163-173. https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03351625
[22]
Ballani, L., Hagedoorn, J., Wardinski, I., Stromeyer, D. and Greiner-Mai, H. (2010) The 1991 Geomagnetic Jerks as Seen at the Earth’s Surface and the Core-Mantle Boundary. Geophysical Journal International, 183, 659-680. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04787.x
[23]
Aubert, J. and Finlay, C.C. (2019) Geomagnetic Jerks and Rapid Hydromagnetic Waves Focusing at Earth’s Core Surface. Nature Geoscience, 12, 393-398. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0355-1
[24]
Florindo, F., Alfonsi, L., Piersanti, A., Spada, G. and Marzocchi, W. (1996) Geomagnetic Jerks and Sezmic Activity. Annals of Geophysics, 39, 1227-1233. https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-4049
[25]
Florindo, F., De Michelis, P., Piersanti, A.and Boschi, E. (2005). Could the Mw = 9.3 Sumatra Earthquake Trigger a Geomagnetic Jerks? Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 86, 123. https://doi.org/10.1029/2005EO120004
[26]
Courtillot, V. and Le Mouel, J.-L. (1976) On the Long-Period Variations of the Earth’s Magnetic Field from 2 Months to 20 Years. Journal of Geophysical Research, 81, 2941-2950. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB081i017p02941
[27]
Gavoret, J., Gilbert, D., Menvielle, M. and Le Mouel, J.-L. (1986) Long-Term Variations of the External and Internal Components of the Earth’s magnetic Field. Journal of Geophysical Research; Solid Earth, 91, 4787-4796. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB091iB05p04787
[28]
Duka, B., De Santis, A., Mandea, M. and Isac, A. Qamili, E. (2012) Geomagnetic Jerks Characterization via Spectral Analysis. Solid Earth, 3, 131-148. https://doi.org/10.5194/se-3-131-2012
[29]
Pinheiro, J.K. and Travassos, M.J. (2010) Impulses of the Geomagnetic Secular Variation (Jerks) at Vassouras Magnetic Observatory Detected by Wavelet Analysis. RBGf: Revista Brasileira de Geofisica, 28, 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-261X2010000100003
[30]
Brown, W., Beggan, C. and Macmillan, S. (2016) Geomagnetic Jerks in the Swarm Era. British Geological Survey. The Lyell Centre, NERC Open Research Archive, Edinburgh. http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/514296/1/1547brown.pdf
[31]
Earthquakes—Archive of Notifications of Recent Earthquakes (2021) Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning, Slovenian Environment Agency, Ljubljana. https://www.arso.gov.si/potresi/potresi_arhiv.html
[32]
Markušić, S., Stanko, D., Korbar, T., Belić, N., Penva, D. and Kordić, B. (2020) The Zagreb (Croatia) M5.5 Earthquake on 22 March 2020. Geosciences, 10, 252. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10070252
[33]
Markušić, S., Stanko, D., Penva, D., Ivančić, I., Bjelotonić Oršulić, O., Korbar, T. and Sarhosis, V. (2021) Destructive M6.2 Petrinje Earthquake (Croatia) in 2020—Preliminary Multidisciplinary Research. Remote Sensing, 13, 1095. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061095