渭北台塬区土地整治对土壤质量提升研究
Study on the Improvement of Soil Quality by Land Remediation in Weibei Tableland

为充分了解渭北台塬区土地整治后土壤质量空间变化特性，本文以渭北台塬区陇县为例，选取经土地整治后的部分项目区，进行土壤养分检测，研究土壤中有机质及氮磷钾的分布特性，并对土壤质量进行分等，对于该区域经土地整治新增耕地质量进行科学评估，结果表明：新增耕地土壤质量状况在很大程度上取决于整治前土壤质量背景，对于整治前土壤质量状况较好的项目区域，经土地综合整治等工程措施后，土壤养分本底值较良，可采用传统肥力提升模式稍作以改良，即可以满足作物生长需求。对于整治前土壤贫瘠、肥力低下、土体结构较差的项目区域，应在整治过程中充分运用土体有机重构理论，针对土体结构改良、土壤肥力提升、植物营养保障、生物营养重构等方面采用物理、化学、生物重构的综合治理措施，以求达到可以持续稳定地改善土壤质量的目的。
In order to fully understand the characteristics of spatial changes in soil quality after land remediation in the Weibei plateau area, this paper takes Long county in the Weibei plateau area as an example, and selects some project areas after land remediation to conduct soil nutrient testing, study the distribution characteristics of organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil, classify the soil quality, and conduct scientific assessment of the quality of new arable land in the area after land remediation. The results show that the soil quality of the new arable land depends to a large extent on the background of the soil quality before remediation. For the project area with good soil quality before remediation, after the comprehensive land remediation and other engineering measures, the soil nutrient background value is good and can be improved slightly by traditional fertility enhancement mode to meet the crop growth demand. For the project areas with poor soil, low fertility and poor soil structure before remediation, the theory of organic soil reconstruction should be fully applied in the process of remediation, and comprehensive treatment measures of physical, chemical and biological reconstruction should be adopted for soil structure improvement, soil fertility enhancement, plant nutrient guarantee and biological nutrient reconstruction to achieve the purpose of sustainable and stable improvement of soil quality.