Objective: Oral diadochokinesis (ODK) has been shown to be associated with oral
frailty. In this study, we investigate the relationship between physical
function, swallowing function, nutritional evaluation, and each syllable of
ODK. Methods: The subjects are 26 elderly people living in an area where they can walk. ODK, tongue pressure,
modified water swallowing test, EAT-10, grip strength, MNA-SF, skeletal
muscle index, height, weight, and BMI were evaluated. For statistical analysis
based on ODK values, the subjects were divided into two groups on the basis of
the number of times the syllables /pa/, /ta/, and /ka/ were repeated: 1) The first
group with >6 repetitions exceeded six; 2) the second group with ≤5 repetitions. Both
groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test (Model 1). In addition, the
syllables /pa/, /ta/, and /ka/ were also divided among the groups and a comparison
was performed (Model 2). Results: In Model 1, the tongue pressure value
was significantly higher in the good group (p < 0.01). In Model 2, the good
group showed significantly higher values for the syllables /pa/ (p < 0.01)
and /ta/ (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the values for
the syllable /ka/. Conclusion: In community-dwelling elderly people,
tongue pressure was positively associated with ODK values for the syllables
/pa/ and /ta/, suggesting that tongue pressure may be associated with strength
of the lip and tongue tip muscles. Furthermore, it was suggested that the ODK
values may even be lower than normal values in the elderly who maintain
skeletal muscle mass and thus have adequate tongue pressure; therefore, these
indicators may be used as a guideline to assess oral frailty.
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