通过对6例成年小熊猫(Ailurus fulgens)发病后的临床特征、死后剖检、病理组织形态学观察以及细菌培养和分离鉴定，发现小熊猫四肢均有不同程度的外伤，脚垫处有黄豆大小的溃疡灶，肝脏质脆易碎，布满粟米样白色坏死灶。疾病初始发生时单独注射头孢哌酮、头孢曲松治疗的小熊猫未见成效，其中5只陆续在6天内连续死亡，病死率达到83.3%。组织病理切片并进行瑞氏染色发现，肝脏和脾脏触片中均见有杆状细菌，多个杆菌排列成条状。从肝脏和脾脏组织中取样接种于血琼板培养小菌落，通过PCR进行细菌16S基因扩增并测序，对比结果显示该杆状细菌为紫色杆菌。通过药敏实验选择肌肉注射头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠联合阿米卡星，肌肉注射治疗间隔三天后口服复方新诺明，最终，成功治疗1只紫色杆菌感染病例，目前存活良好，各项体况指标均正常。
Six adult red pandas (Ailurus
fulgens) were identified by clinical features, post-mortem autopsy,
pathological histomorphological observations and bacterial culture and
isolation after the onset of the disease. The red pandas were found to have
varying degrees of trauma to the extremities, with soya-sized ulcerative foci on
the foot pads and a brittle, friable liver covered with corn-like white
necrotic foci. Five of the red pandas treated with cefoperazone and ceftriaxone
alone at the initial onset of the disease were unsuccessful, and five of them
died consecutively over a period of six days, resulting in a mortality rate of
83.3%. Histopathological sections with Wright’s stain revealed rod-shaped
bacteria in both liver and spleen palpations, with multiple rods arranged in
strips. Samples from liver and spleen tissues
were inoculated on blood agar plates, small colonies were cultured, and the
bacterial 16S gene was amplified and sequenced by PCR, with comparative
results showing that the rod-shaped bacterium was a purple bacterium.
Cefoperazone sodium sulbactam combined with amikacin was selected for
intramuscular injection by drug sensitivity test, and cotrimoxazole was given
orally three days after the intramuscular injection treatment. Finally, one
case of Mycobacterium purple
infection was successfully treated and is now surviving well with normal body
condition indicators.
Brown, K.L., Stein, A. and Mor-rell, D.S. (2006) Ecthyma Gangrenosum and Septic Shock Syndrome Secondary to Chro- mobacterium violaceum. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 54, 224-228.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.07.016
Starr, A.J., Cribbett, L.S., Poklepovic, J., Friedman, H. and Ruffolo, E.H. (1981) Chromobac-terium violaceum Presenting as a Surgical Emergency. Southern Medical Journal, 74, 1137-1139.
[10]
Macher, A.M., Casale, T.B. and Fauci, A.S. (1982) Chronic Granulomatous Disease of Childhood and Chromobacterium violaceum In-fection on the Southeastern United States. Annals of Internal Medicine, 97, 51-55.
https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-97-1-51
