The Internet of Things (IoT) is a technological
revolution that has changed everything we do and given us a new perspective on
our daily lives, but despite the fact that numerous publications have focused
on characterizing the many edges and technologies that make up an IoT system,
the IoT ecosystem is still seen as too complex to be recognized as a
stand-alone environment due to its significant diversity; hence, the objective of this research is to address
such a complex environment in a way that highlights its components and
distinguishes them both individually and in relation to their broader context.
Therefore, the definition of IoT and its emergence were discussed and organized
around the timeline of Internet development phases demonstrating that IoT has
been a need that has accompanied the presence of the Internet since its early
stages, and then its growth and impact were discussed and highlighted with
estimates and numbers. On the technical side, each of the following groups, IoT
components, protocols, and architectures, was defined, discussed, and grouped
in such a way that their intergroup organization, as well as their placement
and contribution to the overall ecosystem, was highlighted. This, in addition
to the various examples mentioned throughout the discussion, will provide the
reader with a better understanding of the Internet of Things and how deeply it
has become entwined in our daily lives and routines as a result of its numerous
applications.
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