Introduction: Breast cancer mortality remains high in most
developing countries. Benin Republic does not yet have a
technical platform required for the diagnosis and effective management of
breast cancer “according to the recommendations”. Objective: To study the epidemiological, diagnostic and
therapeutic aspects of locally advanced and/or metastatic breast cancers at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire-de la Mère et de l’Enfant Lagune (CHU-MEL) of Cotonou from 2018 to
2021. StudyMethods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional
study with a descriptive purpose, carried out from January 1, 2018 to September
30, 2021 in the Gynaecology-Obstetrics Section of the CHU-MEL of Cotonou. The study population was patients diagnosed
with locally advanced and/or metastatic breast cancers. Results: At the
end of the study, 63 cases of locally advanced and/or metastatic breast cancer
were recorded in 80 cases of breast cancer; a 74.11% prevalence of locally
advanced and metastatic breast cancer. The mean age of the patients was 42.6
years. The main reason for consultation was the discovery of a mass in the
breast (65.1%). Clinically, an orange peel
was noted in 39.6%. Mammography (47.6%) and breast ultrasonography
(42.9%) were the reference imaging workups for breast cancer diagnosis. Histopathologically, infiltrating ductal
carcinoma (94.1%) was the predominant type with Scarff-Bloom and
Richardson (SBR) grade II found in 35.3%. Progesterone and estrogen
References
[1]
Houda, D., Ezzahra, I.F., Karima, B., Abdelatif, B. and Driss, R. (2020) Habitudes toxiques et comportements alimentaires de 305 cas du cancer du sein colligés au centre Mohammed VI pour les traitements des cancers de Casablanca. Pan African Medical Journal, 36, 2-7. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2020.36.51.18869
http://www.panafrican-med-journal.com/content/article/36/51/full/
[2]
World Health Organization (2021) Breast Cancer.
https://www.who.int/fr/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/breast-cancer
[3]
Sung, H., Ferlay, J., Rebecca, L., Laversanne, M., Soerjomataram, I., Jemal, A. and Bray, F. (2021) Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 71, 209-249. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21660
[4]
Egue, M., Gnangnon, F.H., Akele-Akpo, M.T. and Parkin, D.M. (2019) Cancer Incidence in Cotonou (Benin), 2014-2016: First Results from the Cancer Registry of Cotonou. Cancer Epidemiology, 59, 46-50.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2019.01.006
[5]
Toure, M., Nguessan, E., Bambara, A.T., Kouassi, Y.K.K., Dia, J.M.L. and Adoubi, I. (2013) Factors Linked to Late Diagnosis in Breast Cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa: Case of Côte d’Ivoire. Gynécologie Obstétrique & Fertilité, 41, 696-700.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gyobfe.2013.08.019
[6]
Ranaivomanana, M., Hasiniatsy, E.R.N., Rakotomahenina, H. and Rafaramino, F. (2021) Aspects épidémio-cliniques des cancers du sein au Service d’Oncologie de Fianarantsoa, Madagascar de 2011 à 2018. Pan African Medical Journal, 38, 2-11.
https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2021.38.264.20031
[7]
Rakotozanany, B., Rakotonirina, H., Ranoharison, H.D., Andrianampanalinarivo, H.R., Ahmad, A. and Rafaramino, F. (2017) Epidemiology of Breast Cancers in Antananarivo Madagascar. Revue Malgache de Cancérologie, 2, 74-75
[8]
Ohene-Yeboah, M. and Adjei, E. (2012) Breast Cancers in Kumasi, Ghana. Ghana Medical Journal, 46, 8-13.
[9]
Unger-Saldaña, K. (2014) Challenges to the Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer in Developing Countries. World Journal of Clinical Oncology, 5, 465-477.
https://doi.org/10.5306/wjco.v5.i3.465
[10]
Walters, S., Maringe, C., Butler, J., Rachet, B., Barrett-Lee, P., Bergh, J., et al. (2013) Breast Cancer Survival and Stage at Diagnosis in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden and the UK, 2000-2007: A Population-Based Study. British Journal of Cancer, 108, 1195-1208. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2013.6
[11]
Ben Fatma, L., Belaid, I., Said, N., Gahbiche, S., Hochlef, M., Chabchoub, I., Ezzairi, F. and Ben Ahmed, S. (2018) What Are the Reasons at Delay in Breast Cancers Diagnosis in Tunisia? Medical Tunisia, 96, 665-671.
[12]
Ermiah, E., Abdalla, F., Buhmeida, A., Larbesh, E., Pyrhönen, S. and Collan, Y. (2012) Diagnosis Delay in Libyan Female Breast Cancer. BMC Research Notes, 5, Article No. 452. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-452
[13]
Igiraneza, C.P., Omondi, A.L., Nikuze, B., Uwayezu, G.M., Fitch, M. and Niyonsenga, G. (2021) Cancer du sein chez les Rwandaises en age de procréer du district sud de Kayonza: Facteurs influençant les pratiques de dépistage. Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal, 31, 258-265. https://doi.org/10.5737/23688076313258265
[14]
Lokossou, M.S.H.S., Ogoudjobi, M., Tshabu-Aguenon, C., Bagnan-Tonato, A., Lokossou, A.L.S., Denakpo, J., Akpo-Akele, M.T., Lokossou, A. and Perrin, R.X. (2017) Breast Cancer in the Littoral Department of Benin. Clinical Carcinology in Africa, 16, 26-33.
[15]
Gueye, S.M., Gueye, M., Coulbary, S.A., Diouf, A. and Moreau, J.C. (2016) Issues Involving Breast Cancer Management in Senegal: A Cross-Sectional Approach. Pan African Medical Journal, 25, 2-5.
[16]
Adesunkanmi, A.R.K., Lawal, O.O., Adelusola, K.A. and Durosimi, M.A. (2006) The Severity, Outcome and Challenges of Breast Cancer in Nigeria. The Breast, 15, 399-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2005.06.008
[17]
El Fouhi, M., Benider, A., Gaëtan, K.Z.A. and Mesfioui, A. (2020) Profil épidémiologique et anatomopathologique du cancer de sein au CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca. Pan African Medical Journal, 37, Article 41.
https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2020.37.41.21336
[18]
Mensah, E., Savi de Tove, S., Koudoukpo, C., Brun, L., Hodonou, M.A., Tanou, B.E., et al. (2015) Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects of Breast Tumors in Female Patients Admitted into the CHU of Parakou (BENIN REPUBLIC). Central African Journal of Surgery, 2, 27-33.
[19]
Diop, O., Ndong, B., Al Bathily, E., Sow Diop, W., Senghor, R.S., Leye, M.M.M., et al. (2014) Place of Bone Scintigraphy in the Extensional Workup of Bone Metastases Due to Breast Cancer in Senegal: Preliminary Study about 40 Cases. Rev. CAMES SANTE, 2, 57-62.
[20]
Delaloge, S., Bachelot, T., Bidard, F., Espie, M., Brain, E., Bonnefoi, H., et al. (2016) Breast Cancer Screening: On Our Way to the Future. Bulletin du Cancer, 103, 753-763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bulcan.2016.10.009
[21]
Darré, T., Tchaou, M., Folligan, K., Amadou, A., N’timon, B., Sonhaye, L., et al. (2017) Breast Cancer Cases of Female Patients under 35 Years of Age in Togo: A Series of 158 Cases. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 7, 1125-1129.
[22]
Chiquette, J. and Hogue, J.C. (2014) Everyday Senology: Breast Challenges in Routine Practice. National Library and Archives, Quebec City.
http://www.depistagesein.ca/wpcontent/uploads/2012/05/La_Senologie_au_Quotidien.pdf
[23]
Essiben, F., Foumane, P., Mboudou, E.T., Dohbit, J.S., Mve Koh, V. and Ndom, P. (2013) Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer in Cameroon: A Series of 65 Cases. Le Mali Medical, 28, 1-5.
[24]
Yemba, A., Gueye, S.M.K., Gueye, M., Diallo, M., Mbodji, A. and Moreau, J.C. (2017) Breast Cancer Mortality in the Senology Unit of the Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital Of Dakar: Prognosis Factors Study about 56 Cases. Journal de la sago, 18, 40-45
[25]
Lembrouck, C., Nicolet, G., Nguyen, A., et al. (2019) Current Situation of Breast Reconstruction after Breast Cancer in Reunion Island. Gynécologie Obstétrique Fertilité & Sénologie, 47, 297-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gofs.2018.11.007
[26]
Mahjoub, N., Ben Salem, K., Mokrani, A., Mansouri, H., Achouri, L., Chraiet, N. and Fehri, R. (2021) Epidemiological and Anatomopathological Profile of Breast Cancer in the Northwest Region of Tunisia. Medical Tunisia, 99, 441-448.
[27]
Lotersztajn, N., Héquet, D., Mosbah, R. and Rouzier, R. (2015) Locoregional Surgery for Stage IV Breast Cancer Patients. Gynécologie Obstétrique & Fertilité, 43, 304-308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gyobfe.2015.02.017
[28]
Amoussou-Guenou, K.M., Fachinan, O.H., Gbénou, S., et al. (2013) Place of Scintigraphy and Radiotherapy in Medical Evacuations out of Benin from 2006 to 2010. Médecine Nucléaire, 37, 507-510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mednuc.2013.09.009
