5G在城郊智慧农场多机协同作业中的组网研究
Research on 5G Networking in Multi Machine Cooperative Operation of Suburban Smart Farm

对单台农机作业技术的研究逐渐趋向成熟，鲜有看到对多台农机联合作业通信技术的研究报道。多台农机作业过程中通过车载传感器不断地采集大量不同种类的数据(图像、视频等)，5G能否满足这些数据对带宽、时延、速率等传输要求以实现机群协同作业是值得研究的科学问题。本文经过细致梳理国内外研究现状与动态分析，提出无线通信技术支撑多机协同作业是智慧农场的关键技术特征；当前4G、5G在农场中的覆盖范围与信号强度是否支撑多机协同作业值得研究。本文选取河南新乡国家级某农业科技园区作为实验基地，通过设计实验，测试参考信号接收功率和信号与干扰加噪声比指标，采用车载仪器与手持仪表对4G、5G信号覆盖范围与强度进行实际测量，并将测量数据绘图进行可视化展示与分析，为智慧农场多机协同作业如何采用4G、5G混合组网提供科学依据与指导。
The research on the operation technology of a single agricultural machine gradually tends to be mature, and few research reports on the communication technology of joint operation of multiple agricultural machines are seen. During the operation of multiple agricultural machines, a large number of different types of data (images, videos, etc.) are continuously collected by on-board sensors. Whether 5G can meet the transmission requirements of these data on bandwidth, time delay, speed, etc. to realize the cooperative operation of machine groups is a scientific problem worth studying. After carefully combing the research status and dynamic analysis at home and abroad, it is proposed that wireless communication technology supporting multi machine coopera-tive operation is the key technical feature of the smart farm; It is worth studying whether the cov-erage and signal strength of 4G and 5G in the farm support multi machine cooperative operation. In this paper, a national agricultural science and technology farm in Xinxiang, Henan province is se-lected as the experimental base. Through the design of experiments, the received power of refer-ence signals and the ratio of signal to interference and noise are tested. The coverage and intensity of 4G and 5G signals are measured by on-board instruments and hand-held instruments, and the measured data are plotted for visual display and analysis, so as to provide a scientific basis and guidance on how to use 4G and 5G hybrid networking.