Based on the WIOD database, the article uses the MRIO model to analyze
the production-based and consumption-based carbon emissions and transfer issues
in international trade, measures the carbon emissions generated by the EU,
China, India, Japan, Russia, and the US in 2014, uses the Tapio decoupling
model to clarify the relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions, and determines the responsibility of
carbon emissions in each country (region) using 2013 as the base period. The
study found that: China and India are based on the production of carbon
emissions. It is found that: production-based carbon emissions are higher than
consumption-based emissions in China and India, and the opposite is true for
EU, US, Japan, and Russia; developing countries
are net exporters of trade-embodied carbon and developed countries are net
importers of trade-embodied carbon; and a consumption-based accounting approach
is used for EU and China, and a production-based accounting approach is
used for India, Russia, Japan, and US.
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