Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a pandemic of concern to the
World Health Organization. It is all the more worrisome because if not properly
managed, it can be responsible for several
complications, including abnormal blood counts. These abnormalities may also be
related to treatment. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to
show that adequate antiretroviral therapy can correct various abnormalities
exerted by HIV on patients’ blood counts. The specific objective is to determine all the abnormalities we can see in blood count before and during HIV
treatment. Materials and Methods: Our study was conducted in the
hematology laboratory and the dermatology departments of the Aristide Le Dantec
Hospital and the Institute of Social Hygiene. It took place from December 2009
to October 2011. It is a retrospective descriptive and analytical study
involving HIV-positive patients (HIV 1 and 2) and under
antiretroviral treatment (at least six months of treatment). We included 110
patients in the study. Blood counts were performed at the hematology laboratory
of the Aristide le Dantec hospital using a KX21 automaton. Each patient
received three blood counts during the first six months of treatment (M0, M3 and M6). A univariate analysis was performed to determine
the profile of the abnormalities of the blood count and the chi 2 test was used
and a threshold of p<0.05 was considered
significant. Results: The mean age of the patients was 38.6 ± 8.6 years
(extremes of 18 and 64 years) with a sex ratio of 0.42 (77 females and 33
males). The prevalence of anemia was 80% (n = 88) at M0, 53, 63% at M3(n = 59), and 38.20% at M6 (n = 42) (p =
0.02). We noted a favorable evolution with treatment. For the other
abnormalities, the evolution was favorable for leukopenia (p = 0.011) and
thrombocytopenia (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Our study showed a correction
of blood count
References
[1]
World Health Organization (WHO) (2019) World Health Statistics. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/311696/WHO-DAD-2019
[2]
Almoustapha, A.D., Chefou, M., Brah, M.M., Ounteini, A.M., Brah, S., Daou, M., et al. (2020) Hemogram Abnormalities Correlated with CD4 Count in HIV Positive Subjects Followed at the Centre de Traitement Ambulatoire (CTA) of Niamey. Journal de la Recherche Scientifique de l’Université de Lomé, 22, 229-235. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/jrsul/article/view/201373
[3]
Diakite, M., Kone, A., Kante, A.S., Sangare, M., Traore, C., Adjambri, A.S., et al. (2017) Quantitative and Morphological Abnormalities of the Hemogram in Patients Received at the VCT Unit of the Central Laboratory of the Yopougon University Hospital. Mali Médical, 32, 28-33.
[4]
Thulasi, R.R., Manimaran, D., Hemanathan, G. and Tameem, A.R.S. (2016) Hematological Abnormalities in HIV Infected Individuals in Correlation to CD4 Counts and ART Status. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 7, 14-18. https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v7i4.14033
[5]
Yapo Thomas, A.B.A., Cissé, L., Diallo, Z., Abah, F., Ello, N.F. and Bissagnéné, E. (2018) Profile of the Biological Parameters of the Routine Check-Up during the Follow-Up of Adolescents on Long-Term Antiretroviral Tritherapy in Abidjan. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 20, 37-44.
[6]
Karakodjo, D.E. (2011) Follow-Up of Biological Parameters of PLWHA under ARV Treatment at the EPH of Gao. Pharmacy Thesis, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontostomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako.
[7]
N’daw, H. (2012) Study of Certain Biological Anomalies Associated with ARV Treatment during 12 Months of Follow-Up in the Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department of the CHU du Point G. Pharmacy Thesis, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontostomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako. https://www.bibliosante.ml/handle/123456789/1395
[8]
Yonaba, C., Kalmogho, A., Ouédraogo, A., Zoungrana, C., Ouédraogo, S., Ouédraogo, F., et al. (2016) Evolution of Anemia in Children Undergoing Antiretroviral Treatment at CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo. Science et Technique, Sciences de la Santé, 39, 125-133.
[9]
Allab, N.M. (2014) A-12: Kaposi’s Sarcoma and Its Progression in PLWH. Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses, 44, 22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0399-077X(14)70095-2
[10]
Keita, L. (2017) Cutaneous-Mucosal Manifestations during HIV/AIDS in Infectious Diseases Service. Thesis of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontostomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako.
[11]
Traoré, I.B. (2015) Opportunistic Infections in Antiretroviral Treatment-Naive PLWHA at the USAC/CNAM. Thesis of Medicine, University of Bamako, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontostomatology, Bamako.
[12]
Teclessou, J.N., Akakpo, A.S., Kassang, P., Saka, B., Mouhari-Toure, A., Kombate, K., et al. (2019) Shingles in a Hospital Setting in Lomé (Togo): Profile and Factors Associated with HIV Infection. Bulletin of the Society of Exotic Pathologies, 112, 255-259.
[13]
Diawara, O. (2012) Dermatoses and/or STIs in HIV-Positive Adults at the Fousseni Daou Hospital in Kayes. Medical Thesis, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontostomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako.
[14]
Bréma, C. (2010) Follow-Up of Biological Assessment in People Living with HIV and AIDS under Antiretroviral Treatment at CESAC in Bamako from January 1, 2009 to January 31, 2010. Thesis of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontostomatology, University of Bamako, Bamako.
[15]
Coumé, M., Faye, A., Pouye, A., Kane, A. and Diop, T.M. (2014) Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolutionary Aspects of HIV Infection in the Senegalese Elderly. Cahiers de L’année Gérontologique, 6, 97-101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12612-014-0375-9
[16]
Karfo, R., Kabré, E., Coulibaly, L., Diatto, G., Sakandé, J. and Sangaré, L. (2018) Evolution of Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in People Living with HIV/AIDS under Antiretroviral Treatment at the Centre Médical du Camp General Aboubacar Sangoule Lamizana. Pan African Medical Journal, 29, Article No. 159. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2018.29.159.13659
