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Medical Diagnosis 2023
PCSK9在乳腺癌肿瘤微环境中作用的研究进展
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Abstract:
乳腺肿瘤已升至全球癌症新发病例数的首位，成为了女性恶性肿瘤死亡的主要原因。乳腺癌的发生发展是多种因素共同作用的结果，其病理机制复杂。随着研究深入，肿瘤微环境(TME)与乳腺癌发病的关系受到越来越多研究者的关注。TME由多种细胞成分和细胞外基质共同组成，已证明与乳腺肿瘤的发生、发展和预后密切相关。前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素9 (PCSK9)是一种新的前蛋白转换酶，其通过降解低密度脂蛋白受体影响LDL的代谢，是治疗心血管疾病的有效靶点。近几年研究发现PCSK9过表达还可引起细胞周期、凋亡、炎症及应激反应等多条通路失调，与肿瘤微环境密切相关。因此，对于PCSK9在乳腺癌肿瘤微环境中作用的深入了解有助于建立基于TME的靶向治疗策略和治疗新靶点。本文旨在探讨PCSK9在乳腺癌肿瘤微环境中的作用机制。
Breast cancer has ranked as the most common cancer by incidence worldwide, and becomes the leading cause of malignant cancer death among women. Numerous factors are involved in the tu-morigenesis and development of breast cancer, and its pathological mechanism is quite complicat-ed. With the deepening of research, the relationship between tumor microenvironment (TME) and breast cancer has drawn increasing attention. TME is composed of cellular components and extra-cellular matrix, and has been proved to be closely related to the occurrence, progression, prognosis of breast cancer. Proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9) is a new proprotein converting enzyme, whose function is to degrade low density lipoprotein receptor to affect LDL metabolism, which has been proved to be an effective target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In re-cent years, overexpression of PCSK9 can also cause dysregulation of multiple pathways such as cell cycle, apoptosis, inflammation and stress response, which is closely related to TME. Therefore, an in-depth study of PCSK9 in microenvironment of the breast cancer is essential for developing new TME-targeted strategies and new therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarized the mecha-nism of PCSK9 in the TME of breast cancer.
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