Background: Trauma is major public health problem in developing countries where they are associated with many factors, mainly such as lack of road safety, poverty and inadequate urban planning. We aim to highlight the epidemiology of the fractures limbs bones in a rural area where people live in a context of low economy, low education and insecurity. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, retrospective study involving all patients admitted for fracture in the surgical department of FOMULAC-KATANA General Reference Hospital from 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2014. The patients whose medical records were not completed were excluded. Results: Among 136 patients included in our study, 140 bones limbs were registered. Most of them (60.1%) were aged between 15 - 44 years and the average age is 30, 1 year. Male predominance is noticed (72.8%) with a male/female ratio of 2.7/1, and informal professionals are the most found in our patients (67.6%). The main circumstances of fracture occurrence are, respectively, road traffic accidents (57.4%), falls (22.3%) and firearms (10.3%). The leg bones (33.6%) and forearm bones (20%) are the most concerned bones. Open fractures are recorded in 40.7% of patients. The supporting treatment is mainly orthopedic (64.5%) but also surgical (35.5). The mortality rate is 3.6%. Conclusion: The fractures of the limbs bones in Katana General Reference Hospital mainly affect young male which is informal professional. The road traffic accidents are the first circumstance leading to fractures followed by falls. The leg bones are the most fractured body part and fractures are commonly opened.
References
[1]
Odimba, E.B. (2007) Special Aspects of Trauma in Resource-Limited Countries in Africa. Surgical Lived 20 Years. E-Memories of the National Academy of Surgery, 6, 44-56.
[2]
Ibrahima, F.P., Fokam Douala, M.S. and Bahebeck, J. (2013) Musculoskeletal Injuries in Cameroon. About 456 Cases Observed for 5 Years at General Hospital of Douala. Health Sciences and Diseases, 12, 7.
[3]
WHO (2007) The Conference on Road Safety in Africa. Accra, 5 to 7 February 2007. https://www.ssatp.org/sites/ssatp/files/publication/RSafety-ConfAccra-Feb07-Report.pdf
[4]
Talona, L., Maoneo, A., Bonga, L., Munyampara, S. and Wami, W. (2014) Epidemiological Profile Traumatized by Traffic Accidents in the University Hospital of Kisangani. Kisangani Medical, 5, 51-55.
[5]
Kuyigwa, T.G., Ahuka, O.L., Kabakuli, N.A., Kabinda, J.M. and Uwonda, A.B. (2015) Fracture of Limbs Bones in a Town in Post Conflict (Case of Bukavu Town). Open Journal of Epidemiology, 5, 244-250. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojepi.2015.54028
[6]
Kuyigwa, T.G., Uwonda, A.B. and Ahuka, O.L. (2015) Fractures by Firearms in Conflict Town. Open Journal of Orthopedics, 5, 120-125. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojo.2015.55016
[7]
Da, S.C., et al. (2008) Fractures Members to Trauma Emergencies in Ouagadougou. Journal des Sciences, Burkina Faso, 8, 1-9.
[8]
Manoharana, A., Selvaraj, P. and Vasanthamani, P. (2016) Epidemiology of Orthopedic Injuries among Patients Attending a Major Trauma Centre in Tamilnadu. National Journal of Research in Community Medicine, 5, 126-131.
[9]
Elachi, I.C., Yongu, W.T., Odoyoh, O.O., Molting, D.D., Ogwuche, E.I., et al. (2015) An Epidemiological Study of the Burden of Trauma in Makurdi, Nigeria. International Journal of Criticalillness and Injury Science, 5, 99-102. https://doi.org/10.4103/2229-5151.158404
[10]
Bhaskara, K., Padmanabha, T.S. and Nandini, T. (2014) Pattern of Fractures and Dislocations in a Tertiary Care Hospital, North East Karnataka. International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences, 3, 847-850. https://doi.org/10.5958/2319-5886.2014.00012.5
[11]
Curtis, E.M., van der Velde, R., Moon, R.J., van den Bergh, J.P., Geusens, P., et al. (2016) Epidemiology of Fractures in the United Kingdom 1988-2012: Variation with Age, Sex, Geography, Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status. Bone, 30, 19-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2016.03.006
[12]
Dos Santos, J.D., Nunes, E.M., Medeiros, H.R., Silva, S.C., Nobre, J.D., et al. (2016) Epidemiological Profile of Injuries in Victims Met at a Hospital of Reference of Paraíba, Brazil. International Archives of Medicine, 9, 1-8.
[13]
Ameri, M., Aghakhani, K., Mehrpisheh, S., Ameri, E. and Memarian, A. (2016) Epidemiological Review of Relation between Gender and Traumatic Injuries in Hospitals in Iran. Global Journal of Health Science, 8, 15-19. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n12p15
[14]
Mansuri, F.A., Al-Zalabani, A.H., Zalat, M.M. and Qabshawi, R.I. (2015) Road Safety and Road Traffic Accidents in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review of Existing Evidence. Saudi Medical Journal, 36, 418-424. https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2015.4.10003
[15]
Mehrpour, S.R., Nabian, M.H., Zanjani, L.O., Foroughmand-Araabi, M.-H. and Kamrani, R.S. (2015) Descriptive Epidemiology of Traumatic Injuries in 18890 Adults: 5-Year-Study in a Tertiary Trauma Center in Iran. Journal of Sports Medicine, 6, e23129. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.23129
[16]
El Tayeb, S., Abdalla, S., Mørkve, O., Heuch, I. and Van den Bergh, G. (2014) Injuries in Khar-toum State, the Sudan: A Household Survey of Incidence and Risk Factoring. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 21, 144-153. https://doi.org/10.1080/17457300.2013.792283
[17]
El Tayeb, S. Abdalla, S., Heuch, I. and Van den Bergh, G. (2015) Socioeconomic and Disability Consequences of Injuries in the Sudan: A Community-Based Survey in Khartoum State. Injury Prevention, 21, 56-62. https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2013-040818
[18]
Edomwonyi, E. and Enemudo, R. (2015) An Update on Joint Traumatic Dislocations in Nigeria. Open Journal of Orthopedics, 5, 217-228. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojo.2015.57029
[19]
Sadat-Ali, M., Alomran, A.S., Azam, Q., Al-Sayed, H.N., Al-Dhafer, B.A., et al. (2015) Epidemiology of Fractures and Dislocations among Urban Communities of Eastern Saudi Arabia. Saudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 3, 54-57. https://doi.org/10.4103/1658-631X.149682
[20]
Awasthi, B., Raina, S.K., Kumar, N., Sharma, V., SKalia, L., et al. (2016) Thakur Pattern of Extremity Fractures among Patients with Musculoskeletal Injuries: A Hospital Based Study from North India. Journal of Society Medicine, 30, 35-37. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-4958.175847
[21]
DiMaggio, C., Ayoung-Chee, P., Shinseki, M., Wilson, C., Marshall, G., et al. (2016) Traumatic Injury in the United States: In-Patient Epidemiology 2000-2011. Injury, 47, 1393-1403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2016.04.002
[22]
Chabwine, J.N., Masheka, C., Balol’ebwami, Z., Maheshe, B., Balegamire, S., et al. (2011) Appearance of Konzo in South Kivu, Wartorn Area in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49, 644-649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2010.07.050
[23]
Kandala, N.B., Madungu, T.P., Emina, J.B., Nzita, K.P. and Cappuccio, F.P. (2011) Malnutrition among Children under the Age of Five in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): Does Geographic Hire Matter? BMC Public Health, 11, Article No. 261. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-261
[24]
Mushi, F.M. (2013) Insecurity and Local Governance in Congo’s South Kivu. IDS Bulletin, 44, 15-29. https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-5436.12004
[25]
Woldemichael, K. and Berhanu, N. (2011) Magnitude and Pattern of Injury in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, South West Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, 21, 155-165.
[26]
Meena, R.K., Singh, A.M., Singh, C.A., Chishti, S., Kumar, A.G., et al. (2013) Pattern of Fractures and Dislocations in a Tertiary Hospital in North-East India. Internet Journal of Epidemiology, 11, 1-5.
[27]
Gill, S.P., Raj, M., Kumar, S., Singh, P., Kumar, D., et al. (2016) Early Conversion of External Fixation to Interlocked Nailing in Open Fractures of Both Bone Leg Assisted with Vacuum Closure (VAC)—Final Outcome. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research: JCDR, 10, RC10-RC14. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2016/17612.7265
[28]
Ajibade, A., Akinniyi, O.T. and Okoye, C.S. (2013) Indications and Complications of Major Limb Amputations in Kano, Nigeria. Ghana Medical Journal, 47, 185-188.
[29]
Talona, L., Maoneo, A., Kuyigwa, T., Ossinga, B., Lomodo, L., et al. (2016) Overview of Epidemiological and Etiological Amputation in Kisangani Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Open Journal of Epidemiology, 6, 154-159. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojepi.2016.62016
[30]
Moummi, A. (2010) Working Paper 112—Analysis of Poverty in the Democratic Republic of Congo. No. 987.
[31]
Tékpa, B.J., Ngongang, O.G., Keïta, K., Alumeti, D., Sané, A.D., et al. (2013) Traditional Bonesetter’s Gangrene of Limb in Children in Regional Hospital of Kaolack (Senegal). Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique, 106, 100-103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13149-013-0278-9
