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Indian Solar Panel Initiatives in Reducing Carbon Dioxide Emissions

DOI: 10.4236/epe.2023.154009, PP. 191-203

Keywords: Renewable Energy, Solar Panel, Carbon Dioxide Emission, Schemes of the Indian Government, Initiatives

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Abstract:

Environmental degradation and the emission of greenhouse gases particularly carbon dioxide have expanded problems to human wellness and to the atmosphere. The second-most populated country in the globe, India, is among the primary users of conventional resources, which leads to global warming. The growth rate is anticipated to raise more before 2050, which will cause the brisk industrial expansion and rising energy demand to both increases. In order to reduce carbon emissions and meet energy requirements, many countries use alternate usage of renewable energy particularly solar energy. In this review we aim to study solar panel schemes initiated by India, mainly focusing on National Solar Mission. This study also reviews the present solar installed capacity, solar panel scheme 2022, and initiatives and outcomes of solar panels in residences and offices. This study reviewed that by using solar panel resources, the (MNRE) Ministry of New and Renewable Energy hopes to help the Indian Government reach its purpose of 100 GW solar installed capacity by end of 2022. Despite having an amazing 40 GW of solar power installed capacity till December 2021, India is still far from reaching its own goal of 100 GW by March 2023 as per NSM. In essence, this means that India will need to change a few of its ongoing plans further.

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2017.11.012
[56]  Hairat, M.K. and Ghosh, S. (2017) 100 GW Solar Power in India by 2022—A Critical Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 73, 1041-1050.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.02.012
[57]  Qazi, A., Hussain, F., Rahim, N.A., Hardaker, G., Alghazzawi, D., Shaban, K. and Haruna, K. (2019) Towards Sustainable Energy: A Systematic Review of Renewable Energy Sources, Technologies, and Public Opinions. IEEE Access, 7, 63837-63851.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2906402
[58]  Sharma, S., Jain, K.K. and Sharma, A. (2015) Solar Cells: In Research and Applications—A Review. Materials Sciences and Applications, 6, 1145-1155.
https://doi.org/10.4236/msa.2015.612113
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https://www.deegesolar.co.uk/types_of_solar_panels/
[60]  Raina, G. and Sinha, S. (2019) Outlook on the Indian Scenario of Solar Energy Strategies: Policies and Challenges. Energy Strategy Reviews, 24, 331-341.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2019.04.005
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https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63303-3.00002-X
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2014.09.003
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.01.007
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.135
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gee.2016.08.003
[71]  Yenneti, K. (2016) The Grid-Connected Solar Energy in India: Structures and Challenges. Energy Strategy Reviews, 11, 41-51.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2016.06.002
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.032
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.12.117
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121950
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https://journals.dbuniversity.ac.in/ojs/index.php/AJET/article/view/404
[76]  Chandel, S.S. and Sarkar, A. (2015) Performance Assessment of a Passive Solar Building for Thermal Comfort and Energy Saving in a Hilly Terrain of India. Energy and Buildings, 86, 873-885.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.10.035
[77]  Chandel, S.S., Sharma, A. and Marwaha, B.M. (2016) Review of Energy Efficiency Initiatives and Regulations for Residential Buildings in India. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 54, 1443-1458.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.060
[78]  Kochhar, P., Mahal, N., Seth, S. and Singh, M. (2022) Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment—A Green-Building Rating System for Catalysing Climate-Change Mitigation/Adaptation in India. F1000Research, 11, 153-182.
https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.108826.1
[79]  Makol, N., Gupta, P., Mital, M. and Syal, M. (2020) Government Initiatives for Solar Home Systems for Rural Electrification in India: Outlook and Challenges. International Journal of Home Science, 6, 32-38.
https://www.homesciencejournal.com/archives/2020/vol6issue3/PartA/6-3-10-717.pdf
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https://www.pv-magazine.com/2021/11/30/the-outlook-for-residential-rooftop-solar-in-india/
[81]  Rohankar, N., Jain, A.K., Nangia, O.P. and Dwivedi, P. (2016) A Study of Existing Solar Power Policy Framework in India for Viability of the Solar Projects Perspective. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 56, 510-518.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.11.062
[82]  Jain, M., Mital, M. and Syal, M. (2022) Solar Energy Policy for Commercial Buildings Sector: Recommendations for the Indian Scenario. Journal of Energy and Power Technology, 4, Article 14.
https://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2202014
[83]  Gandhi, H.H., Hoex, B. and Hallam, B.J. (2022) Strategic Investment Risks Threatening India’s Renewable Energy Ambition. Energy Strategy Reviews, 43, Article 100921.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2022.100921
[84]  Majid, M.A. (2020) Renewable Energy for Sustainable Development in India: Current Status, Future Prospects, Challenges, Employment, and Investment Opportunities. Energy, Sustainability and Society, 10, Article No. 2.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13705-019-0232-1
[85]  Gielen, D., Boshell, F., Saygin, D., Bazilian, M.D., Wagner, N. and Gorini, R. (2019) The Role of Renewable Energy in the Global Energy Transformation. Energy Strategy Reviews, 24, 38-50.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2019.01.006
[86]  Singh, U., Rizwan, M., Malik, H. and García Márquez, F.P. (2022) Wind Energy Scenario, Success and Initiatives towards Renewable Energy in India—A Review. Energies, 15, Article 2291.
https://doi.org/10.3390/en15062291
[87]  Rynska, E. (2022) Review of PV Solar Energy Development 2011-2021 in Central European Countries. Energies, 15, Article 8307.
https://doi.org/10.3390/en15218307
[88]  Elavarasan, R.M., Shafiullah, G.M., Kumar, N.M. and Padmanaban, S. (2020) A State-of-the-Art Review on the Drive of Renewables in Gujarat, State of India: Present Situation, Barriers and Future Initiatives. Energies, 13, Article 40.
https://doi.org/10.3390/en13010040

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