贵阳市气候康养资源评价
Evaluation of Climate Health Resources in Guiyang City

有效的气候康养资源评价能够为我国养老产业提供科学依据，有利于高效利用气候资源以及带动当地经济发展，兼具生态效益、社会效益及经济效益。由于人体机能对长期气候的适应性和极端气温的季节性和区域性差异，不同地区人群对当地的气候条件适应特征不同，不利于人群健康的极端气温指标也不同。基于此，本研究以贵阳市为研究区域，从极端天气气候事件的概念出发，运用保证法计算得到符合贵阳市气候特征的极端气温指标，并通过马尔可夫状态转移模型展开贵阳市气候康养资源的评价。研究结果表明：贵阳温度时空分布特征有明显的差异；贵阳市各辖区极端温度转移风险表明，各状态主要向正常转移，正常状态向极端状态转移的风险因月份有所差异，在温暖月份和寒冷月份，正常状态向高温、低温转移的风险大致相等；季节过渡月份表现出较大的极端状态转移风险。研究结论可为气候康养资源的有效利用提供依据。
Effective evaluation of climatotherapy resources can provide scientific basis for Chinese pension industry, which has ecological benefit, social results and economic benefits and uses climate resources efficiently. Due to the adaptability of human body function to long-term climate and the seasonal and regional differences of extreme temperature, people from different regions adapt different climate characteristic and the indicators of extreme temperature that are adverse to people’s health are also different. So, this study takes Guiyang city as the study area, starts from the concept of extreme weather and using guarantee rate method to count extreme climate indicators which accord with climate resources of Guiyang city, and through the Markov state transfer model to apprise climate resources of Guiyang city. The results show that there are obvious differences in the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of Guiyang; The risk of extreme temperature transfer shows that the risk of transition from normal state to extreme state are different due to month; and the risk of transition from normal state to high temperature and low temperature is roughly equal in warm and cold months; the seasonal transition month shows a higher risk of extreme state transfer. The research conclusion can provide the effective basis of climate health resources.