缓控释肥发展现状及其土壤改良的研究进展
Development Status of Slow and Controlled Fertilizer and Research Progress of Soil Improvement

缓控释肥是一种新型肥料，其在施用后能够减慢养分释放速率或控制养分释放时间，延缓其养分被作物吸收与利用，能满足作物整个生长期对于养分的需求，具有提高肥料利用率和作物产量、减少环境污染等优点，同时，缓控释肥为一次性施肥，从而大大减少劳动力，在农业生产中具有积极意义，因此对于缓控释肥的研究是非常必要的。本文以缓控释肥为研究对象，在总结缓控释肥定义、缓控释肥的作用机制、缓控释肥的分类、缓控释肥对土壤改良作用的基础上，为缓控释肥目前存在的问题提供解决对策。为助力农业发展，推进未来缓控释肥的研究进程，本文提出缓控释肥的发展前景可着力于开发不同作物的专用缓控释肥、开发新型包膜材料及开发具有附加功能的缓控释肥品种，以期为缓控释肥的研究提供理论依据。
Slow and controlled release fertilizer is a new type of fertilizer that can slow down or control the release of nutrients. The nutrients contained in it can delay the absorption and utilization of crops after fertilization, which can meet the demand for nutrients during the whole growing period of crops. It has the advantages of improving fertilizer utilization rate, crop yield, reducing environmental pollution, etc. At the same time, slow and controlled release fertilizer is used for one-time fertilization, thus greatly reducing the labor force. It has positive significance in agricultural production, so it is very necessary to study slow and controlled release fertilizer. This paper takes slow and controlled release fertilizer as the research object, summarizes the definition of slow and controlled release fertilizer, the mechanism of slow and controlled release fertilizer, the classification of slow and controlled release fertilizer, and the effect of slow and controlled release fertilizer on soil improvement, and provides solutions to the existing problems of slow and controlled release fertilizer. In order to help agricultural development and promote the research process of slow release fertilizer in the future, this paper proposes that the development prospect of slow release fertilizer could focus on the development of special slow release fertilizer for different crops, the development of new coating materials, and the development of slow release fertilizer varieties with additional functions in order to provide a theoretical basis for the research of slow release fertilizer.