全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

Comparative Analysis of PM10 Emission Rates from Controlled and Uncontrolled Cement Silos in Concrete Batching Facilities

DOI: 10.4236/ojap.2023.122004, PP. 67-77

Keywords: Emission Factors, Concrete Batching, Cement Dust, PM10, Fugitive Emissions, Silos, Environmental Impact, Air Quality, Ready-Mix, Industrial Facilities

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

This research study quantifies the PM10 emission rates (g/s) from cement silos in 25 concrete batching facilities for both controlled and uncontrolled scenarios by applying the USEPA AP-42 guidelines step-by-step approach. The study focuses on evaluating the potential environmental impact of cement dust fugitive emissions from 176 cement silos located in 25 concrete batching facilities in the M35 Mussafah industrial area of Abu Dhabi, UAE. Emission factors are crucial for quantifying the PM10 emission rates (g/s) that support developing source-specific emission estimates for areawide inventories to identify major sources of pollution that provide screening sources for compliance monitoring and air dispersion modeling. This requires data to be collected involves information on production, raw material usage, energy consumption, and process-related details, this was obtained using various methods, including field visits, surveys, and interviews with facility representatives to calculate emission rates accurately. Statistical analysis was conducted on cement consumption and emission rates for controlled and uncontrolled sources of the targeted facilities. The data shows that the average cement consumption among the facilities is approximately 88,160 (MT/yr), with a wide range of variation depending on the facility size and production rate. The emission rates from controlled sources have an average of 4.752E-04 (g/s), while the rates from uncontrolled sources average 0.6716 (g/s). The analysis shows a significant statistical relationship (p < 0.05) and perfect positive correlation (r = 1) between cement consumption and emission rates, indicating that as cement consumption increases, emission rates tend to increase as well. Furthermore, comparing the emission rates from controlled and uncontrolled scenarios. The data showed a significant difference between the two scenarios, highlighting the effectiveness of control measures in reducing PM10 emissions. The study’s findings provide insights into the impact of cement silo emissions on air quality and the importance of implementing control measures in concrete batching facilities. The comparative analysis contributes to understanding emission sources and supports the development of pollution control strategies in the Ready-Mix industry.

References

[1]  Schlumpf, J., Bicher, B. and Schwoon, O. (2020) Concrete Sika Concrete Handbook. Sika Services AG, Zürich, 10-21.
https://www.sika.com/content/dam/dms/corporate/t/glo-sika-concrete-handbook.pdf
[2]  Canadian Ready-Mixed Concrete Association (2004, May) Recommended Guideline for Environmental Management Practices for Canadian Ready Mixed Concrete Industry. 6.
https://www.rmcao.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/CRMCA-EMP-MAY-04.pdf
[3]  U.S. EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) (2018) 2014 National Emissions Inventory, Version 2, Technical Support Document. 414 p.
https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2018-07/documents/nei2014v2_tsd_05jul2018.pdf
[4]  World Health Organization (1999) Chapter 7. Hazard Prevention and Control in the Work Environment: Airborne Dust. 27.
[5]  USEPA (1998) Chapter 1. Baghouses and Filters. In: Turner, J.H., McKenna, J.D., Mycock, J.C., Nunn, A.B. and Vatavuk, W.M., Eds., Particulate Matter Controls. EPA Air Pollution Control Cost Manual, 6th Edition, Section 6, Document No. EPA/452/B-02-001.
https://www.epa.gov/air-emissions-monitoring-knowledge-base/monitoring-control-technique-fabric-filters
[6]  Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) South Australia (2016) Guide to Concrete Batching and Concrete Truck Operations, Air & Water Quality.
https://www.epa.sa.gov.au/files/8310_guide_concrete.pdf
[7]  Al-Neaimi, Y., Gomes, J. and Lloyd, O. (2001) Respiratory Illnesses and Ventilator Function among Workers at a Cement Factory in a Rapidly Developing Country. Occupational Medicine (Oxford, England), 51, 367-373.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11765663_Respiratory_illnesses_and_
ventilator_function_among_workers_at_a_cement_factory_in_a_rapidly_developing_country
https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/51.6.367
[8]  Gbadebo, A. and Bankole, D. (2007) Analysis of Potentially Toxic Metals in Airborne Cement Dust around Sagamu, Southwestern Nigeria. Journal of Applied Sciences, 7, 35-40.
https://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2007.35.40
[9]  Global Ready-Mix Concrete Market—Industry Trends and Forecast to 2029.
https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/reports/global-ready-mix-concrete-market
[10]  United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (2005) Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors. AP-42, Fifth Edition Compilation of Air Pollutant Emissions Factors, Volume 1: Stationary Point and Area Sources.
https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2020-09/documents/c00s00.pdf
[11]  European Environment Agency (EEA) (2019) EMEP/EEA Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Guidebook.
https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019
[12]  USEPA-Managing Air Quality—Emissions Inventories.
https://www.epa.gov/air-quality-management-process/managing-air-quality-emissions-inventories#contrib
[13]  United States Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Sector Policies and Programs Division (2023, January) Recommended Procedures for Development of Emissions Factors and Use of the WebFIRE Database. Publication No. EPA-453/R-23-001, Section 2.0, pp. 2-1:2-2. Research Triangle Park.
https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-01/Final%20WebFIRE%20Procedures%20Document_Jan%202023.pdf
[14]  USEPA (2011) Mineral Products Industry. In AP-42: Compilation of Air Emissions Factors. 5th Edition, USEPA, Research Triangle.
[15]  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2006, June) Emission Factor Documentation for AP-42 Section 11.12: Concrete Batching (EPA Publication No. EPA-454/ R-06-001, Document No. EPA-452/B-02-001). Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Office of Air and Radiation, Research Triangle Park, 50.
https://www3.epa.gov/ttnchie1/ap42/ch11/bgdocs/b11s12.pdf
[16]  Saleh, I. and Mohammed, A. (2021) Emission Rates of Pollutants from Ready Mix Concrete Facilities in Cairo, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 64, 2003-2012.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348494370_Emission_rates_of_pollutants_
from_Ready_Mix_Concrete_Facilities_in_Cairo_Egypt
https://doi.org/10.21608/ejchem.2021.47757.2976

Full-Text

comments powered by Disqus

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133

WeChat 1538708413