The seasonality and day-to-day variation of near-surface temperature
patterns can greatly control nearly all physical and biological processes
though temperature predictions at such scales remain challenging. This paper
implements a simple analytical approach in
order to generate daily average temperatures which implicitly accounts for surface heating and drivers
through a comprehensive representation of station-based
temperature records on a universal standard calendar propagated by the earth’s
dynamics features. The modeled and observed pattern of daily temperatures
exhibits a close agreement with the level of strength agreement exceeding 0.56.
The extreme high and low values of the observed temperature patterns are
equally well captured although model underestimates
the probability of temperatures around the two modal peaks (~25.6℃ and
27.5℃). Additionally, a theoretical thermal-based division led to the identification of six seasons,
including two hot and cold periods along with two pairs of mixed hot-cold. The
theoretical division proposed here appears to be a good approximation for the
understanding of rainfall seasonality in this area.
References
[1]
Xiong, Y. and Chen, F. (2017) Correlation Analysis between Temperatures from Landsat Thermal Infrared Retrievals and Synchronous Weather Observations in Shenzhen, China. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 7, 40-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2017.06.002
[2]
Yang, Y.Z., Cai, W.H. and Yang, J. (2017) Evaluation of MODIS Land Surface Temperature Data to Estimate Near-Surface Air Temperature in Northeast China. Remote Sensing, 9, Article No. 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9050410
[3]
Sun, T., Sun, R. and Chen, L. (2020) The Trend Inconsistency between Land Surface Temperature and near Surface Air Temperature in Assessing Urban Heat Island Effects. Remote Sensing, 12, Article No. 1271. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12081271
[4]
Sheng, L., Tang, X., You, H., Gu, Q. and Hu, H. (2017) Comparison of the Urban Heat Island Intensity Quantified by Using Air Temperature and Landsat Land Surface Temperature in Hangzhou, China. Ecological Indicators, 72, 738-746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.09.009
[5]
Vancutsem, C., Ceccato, P., Dinku, T. and Connor, S.J. (2010) Evaluation of MODIS Land Surface Temperature Data to Estimate Air Temperature in Different Ecosystems over Africa. Remote Sensing, 114, 449-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.10.002
[6]
Lian, X., Zeng, Z., Yao, Y. and Peng, S. (2017) Spatiotemporal Variations in the Difference between Satellite-Observed Daily Maximum Land Surface Temperature and Station-Based Daily Maximum Near-Surface Air Temperature. Journal Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 122, 2254-2268. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025366
[7]
Kambi, M.O.C., Wang, Z. and Gulemvuga, G. (2018) Determination of the Correlation between the Air Temperature Measured in Situ and Remotely Sensed Data from MODIS and SEVIRI in Congo-Brazzaville. Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, 8, 192-211. https://doi.org/10.4236/acs.2018.82013
[8]
Smith, D.M., Cusack, S., Colman, A.W., Folland, C.K., Harris, G.R. and Murphy, J.M. (2007) Improved Surface Temperature Prediction for the Coming Decade from a Global Climate Model. Science, 317, 796-799. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1139540
[9]
Duan, H.X., Li, Y.H., Zhang, T.J., Pu, Z.X., Zhao, C.L. and Liu, Y.P. (2018) Evaluation of the Forecast Accuracy of Near-Surface Temperature and Wind in Northwest China Based on the WRF Model. Journal of Meteorological Research, 32, 469-490. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-018-7115-9
[10]
Pezzulli, S., Stephenson, D.B. and Hannanchi, A. (2005) The Variability of Seasonality. Journal of Climate, 18, 71-88. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-3256.1
[11]
Stine, A.R. and Huybers, P. (2012) Changes in the Seasonal Cycle of Temperature and Atmospheric Circulation. Journal of Climate, 25, 7362-7380. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00470.1
[12]
Cuomo, V., Fontana, F. and Serio, C. (1986) Behaviour of Ambient Temperature on Daily Basis in Italian Climate. Revue de Physique Appliquée, 21, 211-218. https://doi.org/10.1051/rphysap:01986002103021100
[13]
Parrott, L., Kok, R. and Lacroix, R. (1996) Daily Average Temperatures: Modeling and Generation with a Fourier Transform Approach. Transactions of the ASAE, 39, 1911-1922. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.27670
[14]
Djiedeu, N. (2017) Nature of Forces Acting on the Terrestrial Globe. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, Saarbrücken, 66-82.
[15]
Bilbao, J. and De Miguel, A.H. (2002) Air Temperature Model Evaluation in the North Mediterranean Belt Area. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 41, 872-884. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(2002)041<0872:ATMEIT>2.0.CO;2
[16]
Brubaker, K.L., Entekhabi, D. and Eagleson, P.S. (1993) Estimation of Continental Precipitation Recycling. Journal of Climate, 6, 1077-1089. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1993)006<1077:EOCPR>2.0.CO;2
[17]
Theeuwen, J., Staal, A., Tuinenburg, O.A., Hamelers, B.V.M. and Dekker, S.C. (2022) Local Moisture Recycling across the Globe. EGUsphere, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-612
[18]
Ritchie, P.D.L., Parry, I., Clarke, J.J. and Huntingford, C. (2022) Increases in the Temperature Seasonal Cycle Indicate Long-Term Drying Trends in Amazonia. Communications Earth & Environment, 3, Article No. 199. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00528-0