Introduction: Cranial trauma is a serious medico-surgical pathology that hinders the vital and functional prognosis. The Rotterdam computed tomography (CT) score refined features of the Marshall score. This score was designed to categorize traumatic brain injury (TBI) type and severity in adults. The aim of our research was to evaluate the association between the Rotterdam CT scores of patients after a cranial traumatism in terms of survival. Material and methods: It was a cross-sectional and analytical study from January 2018 to March 2020, using medical records of patients suffering from cranial traumatism, received and taken in charge in the Yaounde central hospital. Results: 100 patients were retained out of 115 recruited patients. The average age was 35.20 with a sex ratio of 4.55. The Rotterdam score was between 1 and 5 with a median of 2. The overall mortality at 6 months and 1 year was 32%. With an equal score compared to European studies, we recorded significantly higher mortality. We found the sequelae in 24% of the patients. GOS ranged from 1 to 5, and survival without sequelae (GOS 1) was the most represented. There was a positive correlation between the Rotterdam score and the GOS with a Pearson correlation coefficient of +0.514. Conclusion: The death rate in Rotterdam score equals is greater in our context compared to European studies.
References
[1]
Rouxel, J., Tararourte, K., Moigno, S., Ract, C. and Vigué, B. (2004) Prise en charge pré hospitaliere des traumatisés craniens. Elsevier, Amsterdasm, 6-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annfar.2003.09.021
[2]
Algerienne, R. (2014) Prise en charge et devenir des traumatisés craniens hospitalisés au chu de tlemcen en 2009 et 2010. These de doctorat de medicine, Université Aboubekr Belkaid-tlemcen Faculté de Médecine, Benzerdjeb.
[3]
Odero, W., Garner, P. and Zwi, A. (1997) Traffic Injuries in Developing Countries: A Health Comprehensive Review of Epidemiological Studies. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 2, 445-460. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.1997.tb00167.x
[4]
Djientcheu, V., Fongang, E., Etoundi, P. and Esiene, A. (2018) Mortality of Head Injuries in Sub-Saharan African Countries: The Case of the University Teaching Hospitals of Cameroon. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 371, 100-104.
[5]
Liesemer, K., Riva-Cambrin, J. and Bennett, K.S. (2014) Use of Rotterdam CT Scores for Mortality Risk Stratification in Children with Traumatic Brain Injury. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, 15, 554-562. https://doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0000000000000150
[6]
King, J.T., Carlier, P.M. and Marion, D.W. (2005) Early Glasgow Outcome Scale Scores Predict Long-Term Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Neurotrauma, 22, 947-954. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2005.22.947
[7]
Toure, G., Ousmane, M. and Berte, O. (2009) Devenir des traumatises craniens graves en milieu de reanimation au chu gabriel toure de bamako de fevrier 2006 a fevrier 2007. These de doctorat de médecine, Faculté de médecine pharmacie et d’odonto-stomatologie, Bamako.
[8]
Amara, K. (2013) Pronostic des Traumatismes Craniens Dans Le Service D’anesthesie Et De Reanimation Du C.H.U.Gabriel Toure. These de doctorat de médecine, Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odontostomatologie de l’USTT de Bamako, Mali, 1-111.
[9]
Belkaich, M. (2018) Les facteurs pronostiques du traumatisme cranien grave en réanimation. These de doctorat de médecine, Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie-Marrakech, Maroc.
[10]
Zimmerman, R., Bilaniuk, L., Gennarelli, T., Bruce, D., Dolinskas, C., Uzzell, B., et al. (1978) Cranial Computed Tomography in Diagnosis and Management of Acute Head Trauma. American Journal of Roentgenology, 131, 27-34. https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.131.1.27
[11]
Fatima, E. (2016) Prise en charge des traumatismes craniens au CHU Mohamed VI de Marrakech expérience de 13 années de 2002 à 2014: Profil épidémiologique. These de doctorat de médecine, Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie-Marrakech, Maroc.
[12]
Solagberu, B.A. (2002) Spinal Cord Injuries in Ilorin, Nigeria. West African Journal of Medicine, 21, 230-232. https://doi.org/10.4314/wajm.v21i3.28037
[13]
Maas, A.I., Marshall, L.F., et al. (2005) Prediction of Outcome in Traumatic Brain Injury with Computed Tomographic Characteristics: A Comparison between the Computed Tomographic Classification and Combinations of Computed Tomographic Predictors. Neurosurgery, 57, 1173-1182. https://doi.org/10.1227/01.NEU.0000186013.63046.6B
[14]
Khajavikhan, J., Jaafarpour, M. and Kokhazade, T. (2016) Outcome and Predicting Factor Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 10, PC16-PC19. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2016/16390.7294
[15]
Marine, T. (2018) évaluation du pronostic neurologique à long terme des patients traumatisés craniens au sein du TRENAU en fonction de l’age, étude retrospective multicentrique: Médecine humaine et pathologie. UFR Medicine, Grenoble, dumas-01787524.
