To assist the analysis of
tsunami hazards for Qatar coastal areas were using numerical model. By Tsunamis
waves created from submarine earthquakes of magnitude of (Mw) 8.6
and 9.0 in Richard scale along the Makran Subduction Zone (MSZ) as well as
coastal landslides with soil volume of 1.25 to 2.0 km3 along Iranian
coast inside the Arabian Gulf is considered. TUNAMI-N2KISR model (Al-Salem) was
applied in this study to predict the tsunami propagation and magnitude of
Tsunami induced wave heights. The model adopts to solve shallow water equations
describing nonlinear long-wave theory. The model also incorporate tidal effect
inside the Arabian Gulf as a tsunami travel time from Makran Subduction to
Qatar coastline takes more than 9 hours with the tidal range of about 1.6 m
during Spring Tide event. For coastal landslides, tsunami generation was
simulated using a two-layer numerical model, developed by solving nonlinear long-wave
equations. Two-layer model was used to determine initial wave deformation
generated by a landslide case. Then TUNAMI-N2KISR was use to simulate tsunami
wave propagation. Tsunami waves from landslide scenario arrived after 2.5 - 3 hr
with maximum tsunami amplitudes along coasts of Ras laffan-Qatar were 0.8 to
1.0 m. Incorporation of ocean tide is found to impose some small effect on
tsunami amplitude at Qatar coastline and nearby areas for the Mw 9.0 earthquake
due to small tidal range in this area. In addition, it is found that the
tsunami arrival time has become shorter.
References
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Mokhtari, M. (2011) Tsunami in Makran Region and Its Effect on the Persian Gulf. In: Tsunami—A Growing Disaster. InTech, Croatia, 161-174. https://doi.org/10.5772/23541
[2]
Al-Salem, K. and Al-Enezi, A. (2017) Evaluation of Tsunami Hazards along the Kuwaiti Coastline due to Possible Earthquake and Landslides. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait.
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Heidarzadeh, M., Pirooz, M.D., Zaker, N.H. and Synolakis, C.E. (2008a) Evaluating Tsunami Hazard in the North-Western Indian Ocean. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 165, 2045-2058. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-008-0415-8
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Imamura, F. (1989) Tsunami Numerical Simulation with the Staggered Leap-Frog Scheme (Numerical Code of TUNAMI-N1). Asian Inst. Tech. and Disaster Control Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai.
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Imamura, F. (1996) Review of Tsunami Simulation with a Finite Difference Method. In: Yeh, H., Liu, P. and Synolakis, C.E., eds., Long-Wave Runup Models, World Scientific Publishing, Singapore, 25-42.
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Al-Salem, K. (2017) Online Atlas for Evaluation of Tsunami Hazards along the Kuwaiti Coastline due to Possible Earthquake and Landslides. http://hceatkuwait.net/Q8TSUnami/Q8main.aspx
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Imamura, F. and Imteaz, M.A. (1995) Long Waves in Two-Layers: Governing Equations and Numerical Model. Science of Tsunami Hazards, 13, 3-24.
