The iodine value (iodine number) and hydroxyl value are important analytical characteristics of fats and oils. The iodine (I2) required saturating the fatty acids present in 100 grams of the oil or fat. Iodine value is a measure of the total number of double bonds (-C=C-) present in fats and oils. Unsaturated compounds contain molecules with double and triple bonds which are very reactive towards iodine. The iodine value has been determined according to Hanus with iodine monobromide in glacial acetic acid, and then the amount of iodine remaining unreacted is determined by titration using sodium thiosulfate volumetric standard solution. The hydroxyl value is the amount of potassium hydroxide in milligrams that is equivalent to the hydroxyl amount of 1 gram of the sample (mg KOH/g sample). Poloxyl Stearyl Ether is a mixture of the monostearyl ethers of mixed polyethylene glycols. It may contain various amounts of free stearyl alcohol and some free polyethylene glycol. In this study, the iodine value and hydroxyl value have been determined by titration in polyoxyl stearyl ether. Iodine value 1.84 g of I2 absorbed/100g sample, and hydroxyl value 162.65 mg KOH/g sample have been found in poloxyl stearyl ether. The iodine value and hydroxyl value results met the United States Pharmacopeia specifications for Polyoxyl Stearyl Ether.
References
[1]
Hasenhuetti, G.L. and Hartel, R.W. (2008) Food Emulsifiers and Their Applications. 2nd Edition, Springer Science, Berlin.
[2]
ASTM Standards: American Society for Testing and Materials (1995) Standard Terminology Relating to Soap and Other Detergents. D-459-95, Philadelphia.
[3]
Junginger, H.E. (1944) Ointment and Creams as Colloidal Drug Delivery Systems. In: Kreuter, J., Ed., Colloidal Drug Delivery Systems, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1-30.
[4]
National Center for Biotechnology Information (2023) Polyoxyl Stearyl Ether. ChemIDplus.
[5]
United States Pharmacopeia (2010) U.S. Pharmacopeia-33, Official Monographs/Polyoxyl Stearyl Ether.
[6]
Liebert, M.A. (1988) Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Steareth -2, -4, -6, -7, -10, -11, -13, -15, and, -20. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, 7, 881-910. https://doi.org/10.3109/10915818809078712
[7]
Moghimi, A., Omrani, I., Nabid, M.R. and Mahmoodi, M. (2013) Quantification of Hydroxyl Group in Polymers Containing Trace Water by 19F NMR Spectroscopy. European Polymer Journal, 49, 228-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2012.09.019
[8]
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Applied Chemistry Division (1973) Recommended Methods for the Analysis of Alkyd Resins. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 33, 411-436. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197333020411
[9]
WHO Pharmacopoeia Library (2013) Determination of Hydroxyl Value.
[10]
ASTM International (2001) ASTM D1957-86: Standard Test Method for Hydroxyl Value of Fatty Oils and Acids (Withdrawn 2007).
[11]
ASTM International (2017) ASTM E222-10: Standard Test Methods for Hydroxyl Groups Using Acetic Anhydride Acetylation.
[12]
United States Pharmacopeia (2016) 39. Polyoxy Stearyl Ether USP Monograph.
[13]
The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and the National Formulary (NF) (2014) <541> Fats and Fixed Oils, Titrimetry.
[14]
Yildiz, Y., Karadag, R., Jackson, S. and Gensinger, B. (2020) Iodine Value in Partially Hydrogenated Castrol Oil (Ricinus Oil) as Determined by AOCS Official Method Cd I-25 (Wijs’ Method). Advances in Clinical Toxicology, 5, 301-308. https://doi.org/10.23880/act-16000190
[15]
Yildiz, Y., Alfeen, M.A. and Yildiz, B. (2019) Determination of Iodine Value in Triisocetyl Citrate (Citmol-316) by United States Pharmacopeia Hanus Method. International Journal of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7, 38-41.
[16]
United States Pharmacopeia (2016) Millipore Sigma Safety Data Sheet. Version 6.2. Revision 11/09/2021 Identification of the Polyoxyl 2 StearylStates Ether.
