This article is the result of a study carried out
among civil society actors and civil servants in South Kivu, North Kivu, and
Maniema who are advocating for equality and equity for all people. The
co-optation of women into the institutions of
the Democratic Republic of the Congo is examined. This study examined obstacles
to the values of equity and equality of human rights. It further explored
women’s competences, capacities, skills and the need for them to enjoy the same
legal advantages as other citizens. Although women’s rightsare in principle guaranteed and protected by
international, regional, sub-regional, and national legal instruments,
it is observed that they are subject to co-optation for their representation
and exercise their right to work. To have a balanced world, equality between
the sexes is a right, and realizing it benefits not only women, but also the entire human race. Finding the contributing variables to
the co-optation of women in state institutions is the study’s main goal. To
analyze them, and propose ways to improve the application of equity, and
respect for human rights are all fundamental human values. To do this, we
proposed an online questionnaire through the Google Form tool. Out of the 70 respondents identified, 58 responded favorably. Most of them are former academics and civil servants. At the end of the
survey, it was noted that despite all the legal provisions of the Democratic
Republic of the Congo, the participation of women in public institutions is low. Our study revealed that, of the five main public
structures of the state that we identified, the
participation rate of women is decreasing. It ranges from 36.2% in provincial
divisions, 31% in health care facilities, 2.6% of women in universities, and
1.5% of women in primary and secondary schools. Our study reveals that eleven
governments have been in office from 5 February 2007 to 31 December 2022. The average representation of women in government is
12.9%. It has gone from 9% in 2007 to 12.9% in 2021. This
References
[1]
Berenie, L., Marry, C., Pochic, S., & Revillard, A. (2011). Le plafond de verre dans les ministères: Regards croisés de la sociologie du travail et de la science politique. Politiques et Management Public, 28, 139-155. https://doi.org/10.3166/pmp.28.139-155
[2]
Denzin, N. K. (2017). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods. Transaction Publishers. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315134543
[3]
Flahaut, é. (2006). S’adapter à l’emploi... l’insertion professionnelle des femmes. In l’insertion professionnelle des femmes (pp. 13-29). PUR.
[4]
Kitenge Maningo, S. (2013). Le plafond de verre à l’égalité professionnelle hommes-femmes dans les provinces des fonctions provinciales de la fonction publique du haut Katanga en RDC. Ph.D. Thesis, Université de Liège.
[5]
Lydie, M. M. (2017). Participation politiques des femmes e RDC. Master’s Thesis, Université de Kinshasa.
[6]
Madiale, P. (2004). Organisation et fonctionnement des partis politiques en RDC. Fondation Konrad Adonauer.
[7]
Marry, C., Bereni, L., Jacquemart, A., Le Mancq, F., Pochic, S., & Revillard, A. (2015). Le genre des administrations. La fabrication des inégalités de carrière entre hommes et femmes dans la haute fonction publique. Revue Française d’administration Publique, 1, 45-68. https://doi.org/10.3917/rfap.153.0045
[8]
Mulumeoderhwa, M. (2022). “A Woman’s Degree Must End in the Kitchen”: Expectations of Women in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Journal of Family Issues, 43, 1190-1218. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X211022398
[9]
Palingwinde Ines Zoe Lydia Rouamba (2011). La participation des femmes à la vie politique au Burkina (1957-2009). Québec (Montréal).
[10]
Pascale, B. (2014). Réseau parlementaire de la Francophonie: Projet rapport sur femmes et politique, Promouvoir l’accès des femmes en politique: La question des quotas, Ottawa (Canada).
[11]
Rapport Banque Mondial (2021). Diagnostic sur l’autonomisation économique des femmes en RDC: Obstacles et opportunités.
[12]
Rapport Thématique ONU Femmes (2023). A/78/256: Violence à l’égard des femmes et filles, les lois sur la notionalité et apatridie—Rapport de la Rapporteuse special sur la violence contre les femmes et les filles, ses causes et ses consequences.
[13]
Rawls, J. (1989). Théorie de la justice, trad. fr. Cathérine Audard (p. 104). Edition du seuil.
[14]
Theodore-Eliza, V. (2011). Coopter et écarter. Les femmes dans la recherche sociologique et l’intervention sociale dans la Roumanie et de l’entre-deux-guerres. Les études Sociales, 153-154, 109-142. https://doi.org/10.3917/etsoc.153.0109 https://www.cairn.info/revue-les-etudes-sociales-2011-1-page-109.htm
[15]
Tremblay, M. (1996). Conscience de genre et représentation politique des femmes. Politique et Sociétés, No. 29, 93-137. https://doi.org/10.7202/040019ar